Biodiversity and biogeography of hydroids across marine ecoregions and provinces of southern South America and Antarctica

Author(s)

Miranda, Thais P. ^[1] ; Fernandez, Marina O. ^[2] ; Genzano, Gabriel N. ^{[3, 4]} ; Pena Cantero, Alvaro L. ^[5] ; Collins, Allen G. ^[6] ; Marques, Antonio C. ^[2]

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Estadual Londrina, Ctr Ciencias Biol, Dept Biol Anim & Vegetal, Londrina, Parana - Brazil

^[2] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Biociencias, Dept Zool, Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[3] Univ Nacl Mar del Plata, Estn Costera JJ Nagera, Funes 3350, RA-7600 Mar Del Plata - Argentina

^[4] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn IIMyC CONICET, Inst Invest Marinas & Costeras, Mar Del Plata - Argentina

^[5] Univ Valencia, Inst Cavanilles Biodiversidad & Biol Evolut Dept, Valencia - Spain

^[6] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Systemat Lab, Natl Museum Nat Hist, NOAA, Fisheries Serv, Washington, DC 20560 - USA

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: POLAR BIOLOGY; v. 44, n. 8, p. 1669-1689, AUG 2021.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

To better understand the biodiversity-biogeographic polar connections between southern South America and Antarctica (SSA \& A), we used benthic communities of hydroids as a model to investigate marine assemblages by evaluating classic spatial divisions at different geographical resolutions. Using a georeferenced dataset of 249 species and multivariate analyses, we investigated species' distribution, composition and biogeographic connectivity, and defined assemblages of ecoregions and provinces for the area. Hotspots of rich biodiversity at risk of depletion were defined. Analyses of ecoregions have a more stratified biogeographic structure, and reveal critical regions susceptible to loss of diversity. Analyses of provinces show a clear division between Atlantic-Pacific and Antarctic-Subantartic assemblages, with high biogeographic isolation of the Subantarctic islands. Depending on spatial resolution, the biogeographic position of the Magellan area is spatially contradictory, clustering on the one hand with SSA ecoregions and on the other with Antarctic provinces. Our patterns appear to be driven by different combinations of processes and barriers, reflected in the stratified distribution of hydroids. The high level of endemism and concentration of species at the edge of distribution in the Magellan area and Scotia Arc suggest their transitional nature and particular importance for understanding the historical and ecological connections between SSA \& A. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 14/24407-5 - Benthic hydroids in sub Antarctic and Antarctic region endemism areas and their dispersion mechanisms influence on marine biogeographic patterns
• Grantee: Thaís Pires Miranda
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
• FAPESP's process: 10/06927-0 - Biodiversity and areas of endemism of benthic hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from southern South America and Antarctica
• Grantee: Thaís Pires Miranda
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 12/21453-0 - Biodiversity and areas of endemism of benthic hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from Patagonia and Antarctica
• Grantee: Thaís Pires Miranda
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships abroad - Research Internship - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 11/50242-5 - Dimensions of marine life: patterns and process of diversifications in planktonic and benthic cnidarians
• Grantee: Antonio Carlos Marques
• Support Opportunities: BIOTA-FAPESP Program - Thematic Grants
• FAPESP's process: 13/10821-1 - Distribution patterns of hydrozoans (Cnidaria) in deep waters of the Atlantic Ocean and adjacent polar seas
• Grantee: Marina de Oliveira Fernandez
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 18/04257-0 - Deep-sea macroecology: integrating taxonomy, phylogeny, and function into inferences of Atlantic hydroids (Cnidaria) distribution patterns
• Grantee: Marina de Oliveira Fernandez
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral