refrontal Cortex and Hippocampus Inflammation in Mice Fed High-Carbohydrate or High-Fat Diet

Author(s)

Antunes, Marina Masetto ^[1] ; Godoy, Guilherme ^[1] ; Masi, Laureane Nunes ^{[2, 3]} ; Curi, Rui ^{[2, 3]} ; Bazotte, Roberto Barbosa ^{[4, 1]}

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Estadual Maringa, Postgrad Program Pharmaceut Sci, BR-87020900 Maringa, Parana - Brazil

^[2] Cruzeiro do Sul Univ, Interdisciplinary Postgrad Program Hlth Sci, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[3] Butantan Inst, Bioind Ctr, Immunobiol Prod Sect, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[4] Univ Estadual Maringa, Dept Pharmacol & Therapeut, Maringa, Parana - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL FOOD; v. 25, n. 1 SEP 2021.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

We previously reported that a high-carbohydrate diet (HCD) induced systemic inflammation and higher gene expression of proinflammatory mediators in the liver, skeletal muscle, and brain than a high-fat diet (HFD). However, the differences between the groups were less pronounced in the brain. In this study, we extended the evaluation of inflammation to specific areas of the brain. In this study, we evaluated the gene expression of caspase 2, caspase 3, caspase 9, cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox 2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), interleukin (IL), IL-6, IL-1 beta, IL-10, IL-4, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), integrin subunit alpha m (Itgam), S100 protein (S100), allograft inflammatory factor 1 (Aif1), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (Gfap) in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of male Swiss mice that were fed with HCD or HFD for 8 weeks. The HCD group exhibited higher IL-1 beta expression, whereas the HFD group showed higher TNF-alpha expression in the prefrontal cortex. In the hippocampus, TNF-alpha expression was higher in the HFD group. IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha are proinflammatory cytokines that have been associated with impaired brain function and numerous brain disorders. Our results indicate that both HCD and HFD promote prefrontal cortex inflammation; however, the hippocampus seems more sensitive to a HFD than HCD. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 18/09868-7 - Cellular and molecular mechanisms of insulin resistance and inflammation in obese Wistar rats and lean Goto-Kakizaki rats: causes and associations with diet and physical exercise
• Grantee: Rui Curi
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants
• FAPESP's process: 19/25892-8 - Reversal of spontaneous Type 2 Diabetes by bone marrow transplant
• Grantee: Laureane Nunes Masi
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants