Effect of a 40-weeks multicomponent exercise program and branched chain amino acids supplementation on functional fitness and mental health in frail older persons

Author(s):Show less -

Caldo-Silva, Adriana ^[1] ; Furtado, Guilherme Eustaquio ^{[1, 2]} ; Chupel, Matheus Uba ^{[1, 3]} ; Letieri, Rubens Vinicius ^{[4, 5]} ; Valente, Pedro Afonso ^[1] ; Farhang, Maryam ^{[6, 7, 8]} ; Barros, Marcelo P. ^[9] ; Lacerda Bachi, Andre Luis ^{[10, 11]} ; Marzetti, Emanuele ^{[12, 13]} ; Teixeira, Ana Maria ^[1] ; Massart, Alain ^[1]

Affiliation:Show less -

^[1] Univ Coimbra, Fac Sport Sci & Phys Educ, Res Ctr Sport & Phys Act CIDAF, Coimbra - Portugal

^[2] Polytech Inst Guarda, Res Unit Inland Dev UDI, Guarda - Portugal

^[3] Fed Inst Santa Catarina, Campus Xanxere, Florianopolis, SC - Brazil

^[4] Fed Univ Alfenas UNIFAL, Rehabil Sci Program, Rua Gabriel Monteiro Silva 700, BR-37130001 Alfenas, MG - Brazil

^[5] Fed Univ Tocantins UFT, Phys Educ Dept, Multidisciplinary Res Nucleus Phys Educ NIMEF, Ave Nossa Senhora Fatima 1558, BR-77900000 Tocantinopolis, TO - Brazil

^[6] Univ Las Amer, Fac Salud & Ciencias Sociales, Escuela Enfermeria, Santiago - Chile

^[7] Hosp Clin Univ Chile, Dept Psiquiatria & Salud Mental, Santiago - Chile

^[8] Millennium Inst Depress & Personal Res MIDAP, Santiago - Chile

^[9] Cruzeiro do Sul Univ, Inst Phys Act Sci & Sports ICAFE, Interdisciplinary Program Hlth Sci, BR-01506000 Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[10] Santo Amaro Univ UNISA, Postgrad Program Hlth Sci, BR-04829300 Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[11] Fed Univ Sao Paulo UNIFESP, Dept Otorhinolaryngol, ENT Lab, BR-04025002 Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[12] Fdn Policlin Univ Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, I-00168 Rome - Italy

^[13] Univ Cattolica Sacro Cuore, I-00168 Rome - Italy

• Document type: Review article
• Source: Experimental Gerontology; v. 155, NOV 2021.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

Background: The ageing process implies several physiological and psychological changes that hence affect the general health, mood states, and quality of life of older persons. Exercise and adequate nutrition are renowned non-pharmacological strategies that significantly delay and alleviate the adverse consequences of the ageing process. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) supplementation and a multicomponent exercise program (ME) on the physical frailty and mood states of older persons. Methods: 35 participants (women and men; 83 +/- 3 years old) from residential care homes were submitted to a 40week exercise-washout-retraining intervention (16 weeks of the elastic band based exercise and/or supplementation, 8 weeks of washout, and 16 weeks of multicomponent exercise and/or resupplementing), with or without BCAA supplementation. The experimental groups were: (i) ME plus BCAA supplementation (ME+BCAA); (ii) ME; (iii) BCAA supplementation (BCAA), and (iv) control group (CG). Fried's phenotype was used to assess frailty prevalence. Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Profile of Mood State (POMS), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), were used to access mental health and cognition. The Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) was used to access functional capacity. Salivary testosterone levels (ST) were also determined to access the anabolic effects of the intervention. Results: Exercise was effective in improving functional capacity and prevented the increase in frailty that occurred in the non-exercising CG, where the frailty scores increased over time (p < 0.01). BCAAs supplement alone had no impact on functional fitness, but in a short time (16 weeks) contributed to diminishing frailty and combined with exercise may have the potential to reduce the effect of a detraining period on functional capacity. Salivary testosterone levels correlated with handgrip strength and could be a useful indicator of susceptibility to frailty. No effects were found for mood states, cognition, and depression. Conclusion: This study showed that a long-term exercise program, independent of being multicomponent or strength elastic band-based, was effective in improving functional capacity and prevented an increase in frailty in frail and pre-frail older persons living in residential care homes. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 16/04845-3 - EFFECT OF DAILY INTAKE OF Lactobacillus casei Shirota (LcS) IN THE SYSTEMIC AND UPPER AIRWAYS IMMUNE RESPONSIVENESS OF AMATEUR MARATHON RUNNERS WHO PRESENT UPPER RESEPIRATORY SYMPTOMS
• Grantee: André Luis Lacerda Bachi
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 19/14115-0 - Influence of L-glutamine supplementation in the sarcopenia and immune/inflammatory response both systemic and in the respiratory tract of elderly practitioners or not of a regular program of combined physical exercises submitted to Influenza virus vaccine
• Grantee: André Luis Lacerda Bachi
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 17/06032-2 - Biochemical, physiological and transcriptomic strategies to study the relationship between carotenoids, oxidative stress and Citrus fruit quality
• Grantee: Marcelo Paes de Barros
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships abroad - Research