Role of aerobic physical training on cardiac autonomic and morphophysiological dysfunction in hypertensive rats subjected to ovarian hormone deprivation

Author(s)

B.R.O. Rossi ^[1] ; S.V. Philbois ^[2] ; K.D. Maida ^[3] ; J.C. Sánchez-Delgado ^[4] ; A.C. Veiga ^[5] ; H.C.D. Souza ^[6]

Affiliation

^[1] Universidade de São Paulo. Departamento de Ciência da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto. Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício e Fisioterapia Cardiovascular - Brasil

^[2] Universidade de São Paulo. Departamento de Ciência da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto. Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício e Fisioterapia Cardiovascular - Brasil

^[3] Universidade de São Paulo. Departamento de Ciência da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto. Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício e Fisioterapia Cardiovascular - Brasil

^[4] University Santo Tomás. Faculty of Physical Culture, Sports and Recreation - Colômbia

^[5] Universidade de São Paulo. Departamento de Ciência da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto. Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício e Fisioterapia Cardiovascular - Brasil

^[6] Universidade de São Paulo. Departamento de Ciência da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto. Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício e Fisioterapia Cardiovascular - Brasil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research; v. 55, 2022-05-16.

Abstract

Here we investigated the effects of physical training on cardiovascular autonomic control and cardiac morphofunctional parameters in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) subjected to ovarian hormone deprivation. Forty-eight 10-week-old SHRs were divided into two groups: ovariectomized (OVX, n=24) and sham (SHAM, n=24). Half of each group (n=12) was trained by swimming for 12 weeks (OVX-T and SHAM-T). Cardiac morphology and functionality were assessed using echocardiography, and autonomic parameters were assessed using double pharmacological autonomic block, baroreflex sensitivity (BRS), and analyses of heart rate variability (HRV) and blood pressure variability (BPV). Ovariectomy did not influence the cardiac autonomic tonus balance unlike physical training, which favored greater participation of the vagal autonomic tonus. Ovariectomy and aerobic physical training did not modify HRV and BRS, unlike BPV, for which both methods reduced low-frequency oscillations, suggesting a reduction in sympathetic vascular modulation. Untrained ovariectomized animals showed a reduced relative wall thickness (RWT) and increased diastolic and systolic volumes and left ventricular diameters, resulting in increased stroke volume. Trained ovariectomized animals presented reduced posterior wall thickness and RWT as well as increased final diastolic diameter, left ventricular mass, and stroke volume. Ovarian hormone deprivation in SHRs promoted morphofunctional adaptations but did not alter the evaluation of cardiac autonomic parameters. In turn, aerobic physical training contributed to a more favorable cardiac autonomic balance to the vagal autonomic component and promoted morphological adaptations but had little effect on cardiac functionality. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 14/01937-9 - Longitudinal study of hemodynamic, morphological and functional cardiac adaptations in rats submitted to early and physiological ovarian failure: effect of blockade of angiotensin converting enzyme and aerobic exercise
• Grantee: Hugo Celso Dutra de Souza
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants