Effects of different inspiratory muscle warm-up loads on mechanical, physiological and muscle oxygenation responses during high-intensity running and recovery

Author(s)

Marostegan, Anita B. ; Gobatto, Claudio A. ; Rasteiro, Felipe M. ; Hartz, Charlini S. ; Moreno, Marlene A. ; Manchado-Gobatto, Fulvia B.

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: SCIENTIFIC REPORTS; v. 12, n. 1, p. 13-pg., 2022-07-02.

Abstract

Inspiratory muscle warm-up (IMW) has been used as a resource to enhance exercises and sports performance. However, there is a lack of studies in the literature addressing the effects of different IMW loads (especially in combination with a shorter and applicable protocol) on high-intensity running and recovery phase. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effects of three different IMW loads using a shorter protocol on mechanical, physiological and muscle oxygenation responses during and after high-intensity running exercise. Sixteen physically active men, randomly performed four trials 30 s all-out run, preceded by the shorter IMW protocol (2 x 15 breaths with a 1-min rest interval between sets, accomplished 2 min before the 30 s all-out run). Here, three IMW load conditions were used: 15%, 40%, and 60% of maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), plus a control session (CON) without the IMW. The force, velocity and running power were measured (1000 Hz). Two near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) devices measured (10 Hz) the muscle's oxygenation responses in biceps brachii (BB) and vastus lateralis (VL). Additionally, heart rate (HR) and blood lactate ([Lac]) were also monitored. IMW loads applied with a shorter protocol promoted a significant increase in mean and minimum running power as well as in peak and minimum force compared to CON. In addition, specific IMW loads led to higher values of peak power, mean velocity (60% of MIP) and mean force (40 and 60% of MIP) in relation to CON. Physiological responses (HR and muscles oxygenation) were not modified by any IMW during exercise, as well as HR and [Lac] in the recovery phase. On the other hand, 40% of MIP presented a higher tissue saturation index (TSI) for BB during recovery phase. In conclusion, the use of different loads of IMW may improve the performance of a physically active individual in a 30 s all-out run, as verified by the increased peak, mean and minimum mechanical values, but not in performance assessed second by second. In addition, 40% of the MIP improves TSI of the BB during the recovery phase, which can indicate greater availability of O-2 for lactate clearance. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 19/20894-2 - Maximal tethered running applied to soccer players and active subjects in two scenarios: investigations about mechanical power and oxygenation in more and less active muscles by complex network model
• Grantee: Anita Brum Marostegan
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate (Direct)
• FAPESP's process: 19/10666-2 - Can pre-activation of inspiratory muscles potentiates the force, velocity and power of soccer players? Analysis using mechanical and physiological signals by computational model
• Grantee: Felipe Marroni Rasteiro
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate (Direct)
• FAPESP's process: 16/50250-1 - The secret of playing football: Brazil versus the Netherlands
• Grantee: Sergio Augusto Cunha
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants
• FAPESP's process: 12/06355-2 - Standardization of free and tethered specific tests to determine the aerobic and anaerobic parameters in slalom kayak: relationship with the performance
• Grantee: Fúlvia de Barros Manchado Gobatto
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 18/05821-6 - Effects of pre activation of inspiratory muscles on mechanical and physiological parameters in tethered running: relationship with tissue responses obtained by NIRS
• Grantee: Fúlvia de Barros Manchado Gobatto
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 09/08535-5 - Standardization and validity of aerobic and anaerobic tests in field and laboratory, using free, tethered and half-tethered running, in endurance and sprint runners
• Grantee: Claudio Alexandre Gobatto
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants