Impact of gastroplasty on salivary characteristics, dental health status and oral sensory aspects: A controlled clinical study

Author(s)

Salome Marquezin, Maria Carolina ; de Oliveira Scudine, Kelly Guedes ; Lamy, Elsa ; Finassi, Carolina Martins ; Carreira, Laura ; Segura, Wilson Dias ; Rasera Jr, Irineu ; Pessotti, Elisane Rossin ; Castelo, Paula Midori

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Journal of Oral Rehabilitation; v. 49, n. 10, p. 10-pg., 2022-07-10.

Abstract

Background Saliva is a non-invasive source of biomarkers useful in the study of different pathophysiological conditions. The qualitative and quantitative study of saliva, as well as the assessment of oral health, can be particularly useful for a better understanding of obesity due to its importance in the food oral perception and ingestion. Objectives To evaluate the effect of treatment of morbid obesity (dietary counselling versus gastroplasty) on salivary characteristics, oral sensory perception and dental health in a controlled study. Methods Seventy-three adults (60 females; 19-59 years) with morbid obesity were divided in: Control group (CG; n = 34) followed-up during a 6-months dietary programme, and Gastroplasty group (GG; n = 39) evaluated immediately before, 3 and 6 months after gastroplasty. Dietary habits, Oral Health Impact Profile and xerostomia complaints were investigated by interview. The clinical examination included anthropometric and caries experience evaluation. Salivary flow rate, buffering capacity, total protein and alpha-amylase levels, and sensitivity for the four basic tastes were assessed. Two-way mixed model and sign test were applied. Results Physical and clinical aspects did not differ between groups in the beginning of the study, and GG showed a rapid weight loss after surgery (p < .001). An improvement in most of the dietary aspects was observed, especially in the GG. A worsening in the dental health status was observed over time in both groups, with an increase in the number of filled and decayed teeth. CG showed a better oral health-related quality of life, while xerostomia complains increased in GG after gastroplasty. Salivary flow rate remained stable in both groups, but a decrease in buffering capacity, total protein and alpha-amylase activity was observed in GG after 6-months; taste sensitivity increased from baseline to 6-months in GG (p < .05). Conclusion After 6-months of follow-up, patients undergoing gastroplasty presented an improvement in dietary habits and taste sensitivity. However, changes in saliva composition and a worsening in dental health status and xerostomia complaints were also observed. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 16/10940-9 - Impact of gastroplasty on salivary composition and cytomorphology of oral mucosa: follow-up three and six months
• Grantee: Maria Carolina Salomé Marquezin
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
• FAPESP's process: 17/26400-6 - Impact of gastroplasty on salivary composition and cytomorphology of oral mucosa: follow-up three and six months
• Grantee: Paula Midori Castelo Ferrua
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 19/04666-0 - Determination of the excretion of artificial sweeteners in saliva and its relation with the secretion of insulin
• Grantee: Carolina Martins Finassi
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation