Experimental and Simulation Study on Formulation of Clove Essential Oil Products Using Alternative Surfactant

Author(s)

Santos, Diego T. ; Barbosa, Dayane F. ; Vardanega, Renata ; Albarelli, Juliana Q. ; Meireles, M. Angela A.

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: JOURNAL OF COLLOID SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY; v. 2, n. 2, p. 11-pg., 2013-06-01.

Abstract

The formulation of clove essential oil as an emulsion using nonpurified aqueous extract from Pfaffia glomerata roots as surfactant has been experimentally demonstrated. Firstly, a commercial surfactant (OSA-modified starch) was used to evaluate the formulation of nano-emulsions in our devices. Results show that, the method of emulsification and its duration had insignificant influence on all response variables. On the other hand, the influence of OSA-modified starch concentration was significant (P < 0.01) regarding droplet size (d(32) and d(43)), specific surface area and percentage of demulsified oil. Volume fraction of oil influence was significant (P < 0.01) to the droplet size (d(43),) polidispersity, specific surface area and percentage of demulsified oil. Based on these results, the best condition was selected to perform the evaluation of the use of nonpurified aqueous extract from Pfaffia glomerata roots as an alternative surfactant. The properties of the emulsions prepared with this alternative surfactant were quite different to the properties obtained by OSA- modified starch. A stable emulsion with a droplet size in the range of 900-1046 nm was obtained. At the end, different technological scenarios for the production of clove essential oil as an emulsion or as dry microcapsules were compared in terms of utilities consumption and total utility cost using the simulation software SuperPro Designer. The use of the ultrasonication method was more convenient during emulsification, while for encapsulation purposes promising results were obtained by carbon dioxide assisted nebulisation with a bubble dryer (CAN-BD) process. Adopting this process, besides the benefit of low energy consumption, part of the available infrastructure, used for obtaining the essential oil, could be shared. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 12/10685-8 - Combination and coupling of processes for the production and encapsulation of value-added vegetal extracts: technical and economic evaluation
• Grantee: Maria Angela de Almeida Meireles Petenate
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 12/19304-7 - Brazilian ginseng biorefinery: simulation and multi-objective optimization
• Grantee: Diego Tresinari dos Santos
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships abroad - Research Internship - Post-doctor
• FAPESP's process: 10/16485-5 - Technical and economic evaluation of the integration of sustainable processes for a better use of brazilian ginseng (Pfaffia glomerata)
• Grantee: Diego Tresinari dos Santos
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
• FAPESP's process: 09/17234-9 - Obtaining anthocyanins, carotenoids, flavonoids, volatile oils, and tocotrienols by supercritical technology: process parameters and chemical characterization of extracts
• Grantee: Maria Angela de Almeida Meireles Petenate
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants