Cell wall changes during the formation of aerenchyma in sugarcane roots

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Leite, D. C. C. ; Grandis, A. ; Tavares, E. Q. P. ; Piovezani, A. R. ; Pattathil, S. ; Avci, U. ; Rossini, A. ; Cambler, A. ; De Souza, A. P. ; Hahn, M. G. ; Buckeridge, M. S.

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: ANNALS OF BOTANY; v. 120, n. 5, p. 16-pg., 2017-11-01.

Abstract

Background and Aims Aerenchyma develops in different plant organs and leads to the formation of intercellular spaces that can be used by the plant to transport volatile substances. Little is known about the role of cell walls in this process, although the mechanism of aerenchyma formation is known to involve programmed cell death and some cell wall modifications. We assessed the role that cell wall-related mechanisms might play in the formation of aerenchyma in sugarcane roots. Methods Sections of roots (5 cm) were subjected to microtomography analysis. These roots were divided into 1-cm segments and subjected to cell wall fractionation. We performed analyses of monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and lignin and glycome profiling. Sections were visualized by immunofluorescence and immunogold labelling using selected monoclonal antibodies against polysaccharide epitopes according to the glycome profiles. Key Results During aerenchyma formation, gas spaces occupied up to 40 % of the cortex cross-section within the first 5 cm of the root. As some of the cortex cells underwent dissolution of the middle lamellae, leading to cell separation, cell expansion took place along with cell death. Mixed-linkage beta-glucan was degraded along with some homogalacturonan and galactan, culminating in the formation of cell wall composites made of xyloglucan, arabinoxylans, cellulose and possibly lignin. Conclusion The composites formed seem to play a role in the physical-chemical properties of the gas chambers, providing mechanical resistance to forces acting upon the root and at the same time decreasing permeability to gases. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 09/52840-7 - Center of Biological and Industrial Processes for Biofuels - CeProBIO
• Grantee: Igor Polikarpov
• Support Opportunities: Program for Research on Bioenergy (BIOEN) - Thematic Grants
• FAPESP's process: 10/17104-5 - Cell wall degradation in sugarcane roots
• Grantee: Marcos Silveira Buckeridge
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 08/57908-6 - National Institute of Science and Technology of Bioethanol
• Grantee: Marcos Silveira Buckeridge
• Support Opportunities: Program for Research on Bioenergy (BIOEN) - Thematic Grants
• FAPESP's process: 10/12833-9 - Characterization of cell wall degradation in the aerenchyma formation in roots of sugarcane
• Grantee: Débora Chaves Coelho Leite
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master
• FAPESP's process: 10/17070-3 - DETERMINATION OF ENZYME DEGRADATION OF CELL WALL DURING FORMATION IN AERENCHYMA ROOTS OF SUGARCANE
• Grantee: Adriana Grandis
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate