Myrciaria jaboticaba Fruit Peel: Bioactive Composition as Determined by Distinct Harvest Seasons and In Vitro Anti-Cancer Activity

Author(s)

Nascimento, Roberto de Paula do ; Rizzato, Julia Soto ; Polezi, Gabriele ; Boughanem, Hatim ; Williams, Non Gwenllian ; Borguini, Renata Galhardo ; Santiago, Manuela Cristina Pessanha de Araujo ; Marostica Junior, Mario Roberto ; Parry, Lee

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: PLANTS-BASEL; v. 13, n. 20, p. 18-pg., 2024-10-01.

Abstract

Jaboticaba (Myrciaria jaboticaba) is a recognizable and unique crop from Brazil. The fruit's byproducts are currently being studied, given their bioactive composition and promising anti-cancer potential. It is not evident, however, if different harvesting seasons can modify the chemical profile and antioxidant capacity of jaboticaba fruit fractions. Furthermore, as there is limited data for jaboticaba's anti-proliferative effects, additional assessments are required to improve the robustness of these findings. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the composition of the peel of jaboticaba collected in two periods (May-off-season, sample 1-and August-October-peak season, sample 2) and test the peel's richest anthocyanin sample against colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines. To accomplish this, proximate, spectrophotometric, and chromatographic analyses were performed in two freeze-dried samples; and anti-proliferative and/or colony-forming assays were carried out in Caco-2, HT29, and HT29-MTX cells. As a result, sample 2 showed the highest levels of polyphenols overall, including flavonoids and anthocyanins. This sample displayed significative higher contents of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (48%) and delphinidin-3-O-glucoside (105%), in addition to a superior antioxidant capacity (23% higher). Sample 1 showed higher amounts of total protein, gallic acid (20% higher), and specific carotenoids. An aqueous extract from sample 2 was tested against CRC, showing anti-proliferative effects for Caco-2 cells at 1 and 2 mg/mL concentrations, with IC50 values of 1.2-1.3 mg/mL. Additionally, the extract was able to inhibit cell colony formation when tested at both low and high concentrations. In conclusion, jaboticaba collected in the main season stands out regarding its polyphenol composition and holds potential against cancer cell growth. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 22/10485-0 - Freeze-dried jaboticaba peel for colorectal cancer prevention: mechanisms in wild type and genetically modified mice
• Grantee: Roberto de Paula do Nascimento
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships abroad - Research Internship - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 22/09493-9 - Metabolomic in vitro studies of fruit anthocyanins for understanding its mechanisms of action against Obesity
• Grantee: Juliano Lemos Bicas
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 19/03228-9 - Preventive effects of the consumption of freeze-dried jaboticaba peel in BALB/c mice with Colorectal Cancer induced by azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate
• Grantee: Roberto de Paula do Nascimento
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 20/00414-3 - Preventive effects of freeze-dried jaboticaba peel on experimental colorectal cancer model: clinical and histophysiopathological evaluation
• Grantee: Julia Soto Rizzato
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation