Key co-expressed genes correlated with blood serum parameters of pigs fed with different fatty acid profile diets

Author(s)

Fanalli, Simara Larissa ; Gomes, Julia Dezen ; de Novais, Francisco Jose ; Gervasio, Izally Carvalho ; Fukumasu, Heidge ; Moreira, Gabriel Costa Monteiro ; Coutinho, Luiz Lehmann ; Koltes, James ; Amaral, Andreia J. ; Cesar, Aline Silva Mello

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: FRONTIERS IN GENETICS; v. 15, p. 21-pg., 2024-07-03.

Abstract

This study investigated how gene expression is affected by dietary fatty acids (FA) by using pigs as a reliable model for studying human diseases that involve lipid metabolism. This includes changes in FA composition in the liver, blood serum parameters and overall metabolic pathways. RNA-Seq data from 32 pigs were analyzed using Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA). Our aim was to identify changes in blood serum parameters and gene expression between diets containing 3% soybean oil (SOY3.0) and a standard pig production diet containing 1.5% soybean oil (SOY1.5). Significantly, both the SOY1.5 and SOY3.0 groups showed significant modules, with a higher number of co-expressed modules identified in the SOY3.0 group. Correlated modules and specific features were identified, including enriched terms and pathways such as the histone acetyltransferase complex, type I diabetes mellitus pathway, cholesterol metabolism, and metabolic pathways in SOY1.5, and pathways related to neurodegeneration and Alzheimer's disease in SOY3.0. The variation in co-expression observed for HDL in the groups analyzed suggests different regulatory patterns in response to the higher concentration of soybean oil. Key genes co-expressed with metabolic processes indicative of diseases such as Alzheimer's was also identified, as well as genes related to lipid transport and energy metabolism, including CCL5, PNISR, DEGS1. These findings are important for understanding the genetic and metabolic responses to dietary variation and contribute to the development of more precise nutritional strategies. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 18/15653-3 - Effect of dietary oleic acid on fatty acid composition and inflammatory response profile in different tissues of pigs
• Grantee: Aline Silva Mello Cesar
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Young Researchers
• FAPESP's process: 22/10643-5 - Genes Co-expression networks associated with the fatty acid profile of skeletal muscle and liver of pigs fed different levels and sources of oil
• Grantee: Simara Larissa Fanalli
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 20/14148-3 - Evaluation of biochemical parameters of blood serum of swine feeded with different sources of fatty acids
• Grantee: Julia Dezen Gomes
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• FAPESP's process: 21/06553-8 - Association between biochemical parameters of the blood serum of pigs fed with different sources of fatty acids and the transcriptomic profile of the liver
• Grantee: Julia Dezen Gomes
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships abroad - Research Internship - Scientific Initiation
• FAPESP's process: 17/25180-2 - Effect of dietary oleic acid on fatty acid composition and inflammatory response profile in different tissues of pigs
• Grantee: Aline Silva Mello Cesar
• Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Young Investigators Grants