Effects of cigarette smoke exposure on pregnancy outcome and offspring of diabetic rats

Author(s)

Soares de Souza, Maricelma da Silva ^{[1, 2]} ; Ortiz Lima, Paula Helena ^[2] ; Sinzato, Yuri Karen ^[2] ; Cunha Rudge, Marilza Vieira ^[2] ; Marques Pereira, Oduvaldo Camara ^[3] ; Damasceno, Debora Cristina ^[2]

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Marilia, Marilia, SP - Brazil

^[2] Sao Paulo State Univ, Botucatu Med Sch, Lab Expt Res Gynecol & Obstet, Dept Gynecol & Obstet, Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[3] Sao Paulo State Univ, Inst Biosci, Dept Pharmacol, Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Reproductive BioMedicine Online; v. 18, n. 4, p. 562-567, APR 2009.
• Web of Science Citations: 18

Abstract

A total of 52 female Wistar rats were distributed into four groups: non-diabetic (G1) and diabetic (G2) exposed to filtered air; non-diabetic (G3) and diabetic (G4) exposed to cigarette smoke. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (40 mg/kg bodyweight, i.v.). Rats were exposed, for 30 min, to filtered air (control) or to tobacco smoke generated from 10 cigarettes, twice a day, for 2 months. At the end of the 2-month exposure, at day 21 of pregnancy, each rat was anesthetized and humanely killed for laporatomy. Uterine horns were exposed for reproductive performance analysis, fetal and placental weights and placental index. Maternal and fetal data were analysed by ANOVA followed by the Student Newman-Keuls test. Fetal weight classification was assessed by Fisher's exact test. Diabetes and cigarette smoke caused placentomegaly (G4 = 0.65 +/- 0.19 g versus G1 = 0.49 +/- 0.03 g, P < 0.05), increased placental index (G4 = 0.13 +/- 0.03 versus G1 = 0.09 +/- 0.00, P < 0.05) and small fetus rates for pregnancy age (G4 = 88% versus G1 = 23.2%, P < 0.05). These observations show the importance of encouraging pregnant women to attempt cessation of smoking. (AU)