| Grant number: | 14/25307-4 |
| Support Opportunities: | Regular Research Grants |
| Duration: | August 01, 2015 - July 31, 2018 |
| Field of knowledge: | Biological Sciences - Immunology - Applied Immunology |
| Principal Investigator: | Ieda Maria Longo Maugéri |
| Grantee: | Ieda Maria Longo Maugéri |
| Host Institution: | Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM). Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP). Campus São Paulo. São Paulo , SP, Brazil |
| Associated researchers: | Daniela Santoro Rosa ; Edecio Cunha Neto |
Abstract
The epidemic caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) is the most important emerging infection in the last decades. Despite that, there is no effective vaccine against this virus yet. It is expected that prevention should be achieved by the action of neutralizing antibodies, mainly directed against the virus envelope glycoprotein (gp140), while reduction of virus replication and control of viremia should be given by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells specific responses.Considering the important role of CD4+ T lymphocytes, recently a DNA vaccine encoding 18 HIV-1 epitopes directed to these cells has been developed and showed to induce strong, broad, polyfunctional and long-lasting HIV-specific CD4+ CD8+ T cells responses in BALB/c mice and also in mice transgenic to multiple common HLA class II molecules.Adjuvants are known for enhancing vaccines immunogenicity and are fundamental components on a vaccination strategy. The bacterium Propionibacterium acnes and its soluble polysaccharide fraction (PS) have been extensively evaluated by their adjuvant effects on cellular and humoral immune response, increasing phagocytic activities of macrophages, pathogen resistance and antigen specific antibodies synthesis. Both P. acnes and PS showed to be able to modulate Th1/Th2 polarization, by acting directly on antigen-presenting cells, modifying patterns of co-stimulatory molecules and toll-like receptors expression, leading to the production of different types of cytokines.Given the challenge of transferring the success of inducing potent immunity of DNA vaccines observed in animal models to humans, and also given the important role of CD4+ T cells in promoting humoral response, the aim of these study is to verify whether P. acnes and PS could improve immunogenicity of DNA vaccine HIVBr18 and whether an initial immunization with this vaccine could increase the magnitude and quality of humoral and cellular immune response induced by gp140. (AU)
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