Effect of coffee consumption at risk of hypertension in healthy individuals and survival after acute coronary syndrome: analysis of longitudinal studies

• Grant number: 18/04116-7
• Support type: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctorate
• Effective date (Start): June 01, 2018
• Effective date (End): May 31, 2020
• Field of knowledge: Health Sciences - Nutrition
• Principal Investigator: Dirce Maria Lobo Marchioni
• Grantee: Andreia Alexandra Machado Miranda
• Home Institution: Faculdade de Saúde Pública (FSP). Universidade de São Paulo (USP). São Paulo , SP, Brazil

Abstract

Introduction: Coffee is one of the most consumed beverages in Brazil and the Western world, which explains the great interest of the researchers. Some studies have verified the physiological effects of this beverage on human health, mainly due to the presence of polyphenols, especially in cardiovascular diseases. However, the results are still conflicting and inconclusive. Objectives: To investigate the association between habitual coffee consumption and the risk of hypertension in participants of the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health - ELSA-Brazil; to evaluate the long-term influence of coffee consumption on fatal and nonfatal outcomes after acute myocardial infarction or unstable angina in participants of the Coronary Insufficiency Registry Strategy Cohort - ERICO. Methods: Data came from two longitudinal prospective studies: ELSA-Brazil and ERICO. In ELSA-Brazil, the sample includes 15,105 adult participants from six public universities and research institutions in the Northeast, South and Southeast regions of Brazil. ERICO involved 1,085 participants admitted to the University Hospital of the University of São Paulo due to an event of Acute Coronary Syndrome. In both projects, individual food intake was estimated using a semi-quantitative and validated food frequency questionnaire. For the evaluation of habitual coffee intake, participants answered how often times they consumed coffee, how much of the beverage they consumed on each occasion, the type of coffee (filtered, instant, expressed) and if coffee contained or not caffeine. Socio-demographic, health, lifestyle and diet information, as well as anthropometric measures of blood pressure, biochemical and laboratory data, collected by properly trained researchers, will be used. Multiple regression models will be performed to assess the association between coffee consumption and the risk of hypertension. Crude and adjusted hazard ratios (HR) with respective 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) will be calculated. In order to test the hypothesis of association between the fatal parameters (all-cause mortality, CVD mortality and mortality from CAD) with coffee consumption, Cox regression analysis will be used. Kaplan-Meier survival curves with the log-rank test will be analyzed. It is necessary to add new scientific evidence representative of the Brazilian population and relevant data about the possible effects of coffee on cardiovascular health, in healthy population and in patients with CVD, in order to generate a positive contribution both at the individual level and recommendations at the level of public health.