Effects of combined exercise training associated with pharmacological treatment on neuroimmune adaptations in an experimental model of Hypertension and menopause: role of baroreflex

• Grant number: 19/06277-0
• Support type: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate
• Effective date (Start): September 01, 2020
• Effective date (End): June 30, 2022
• Field of knowledge: Biological Sciences - Physiology - Physiology of Organs and Systems
• Principal researcher: Kátia de Angelis Lobo D Avila
• Grantee: Maycon Junior Ferreira
• Home Institution: Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM). Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP). Campus São Paulo. São Paulo , SP, Brazil

Abstract

The increase in Blood Pressure (BP) in postmenopausal women has been well documented. In addition to pharmacological therapy, Combined Exercise Training (CET) (aerobic exercise complemented with resistance exercise) has been clinically recommended for BP control in this populatio, however, the association of these two types of therapies has been poorly studied. This project aims to evaluate and compare the effects of CET associated with pharmacological treatment on cardiovascular, neuroimmune and oxidative stress adaptations in an experimental model of hypertension and menopause, as well as the role of the baroreflex by Sino-Aortic Denervation (SAD). Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHR) will be distributed in 9 groups (n=8/group): protocol 1 sedentary (S), Ovariectomized Sedentary (OS), ovariectomized sedentary treated with Hydrochlorothiazide (OSH), Ovariectomized Sedentary treated with Enalapril (OSE), Ovariectomized Trained (OT), Ovariectomized Trained treated with Hydrochlorothiazide (OTH) and Ovariectomized Trained treated with Enalapril (OTE)-- and protocol 2 (OTH, OTE, ovariectomized trained treated with Hydrochlorothiazide submitted to SAD (OTH-SAD) and ovariectomized trained treated with Enalapril submitted to SAD (OTE-SAD). Oophorectomy and SAD will be performed on the 1st and 6th day of the study, respectively. After 5 days of pharmacological treatment and adaptation to training equipment, groups S and OS will continue with placebo treatment for 8 weeks, while the remaining groups will continue with antihypertensive treatment (30mg/kg of Hydrochlorothiazide or 3mg/kg of Enalapril in drinking water- drugs with recognized clinical efficacy in reducing BP and mortality) and/or CET (3 days/week, 40-60% of the maximum capacity obtained in treadmill and ladder test). At the end of the protocol the direct BP recording, and autonomic and inflammatory (neuroimmune) and oxidative stress evaluations will be performed. In this study, we sought to identify whether CET may potentiate the effects of pharmacological treatment, as well as to understand the mechanisms involved in reducing BP in each combination of treatment in a model of hypertension associated with ovarian hormone deprivation. (AU)