Expression of genes related to energy and lipid metabolism in women with obesity grade III before and after dietary intervention

Author(s)

Cristiana Côrtes de Oliveira

• Document type: Master's Dissertation
• Press: Ribeirão Preto.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto (PCARP/BC)
• Defense date: 2015-11-04

Examining board members

Carla Barbosa Nonino; Dennys Esper Corrêa Cintra; Maria Cristina Foss de Freitas

• Advisor: Carla Barbosa Nonino

Abstract

Several genes have been described with the ability to intervene in the regulation of energy metabolism, loss of weight and stability in addition to maintaining body fat, acting on the control of different metabolic pathways. Studies have clearly shown that caloric restriction can alter gene expression influencing the weight loss in people with obesity after different treatments. Due to easier access through biopsy was chosen for this study collecting subcutaneous adipose tissue. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the expression of genes ADRB3, UCPs, PLIN1, PPARG2 in abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue of women with obesity grade III before and after hypocaloric dietary intervention and associate with anthropometric, metabolic rate (RMR) and substrate oxidation. The sample consisted of 11 women with obesity grade III submitted to dietary intervention for six weeks and 10 healthy women. This was a longitudinal study in which anthropometric measurements were taken of weight, height, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), body composition (lean body mass and fat mass) by bioelectrical impedance, TMR calorimetry indirect and gene expression analysis by real-time PCR. There was a significant decrease in weight, BMI, lean body mass, fat mass and TMR after dietary intervention, however, there was no statistically significant difference when the resting metabolic rate was adjusted for weight and lean body mass. When comparing the two study groups, there was difference for weight indicators, BMI, WC, lean body mass, fat mass, TMR and lipid oxidation in both the pre and post time dietary intervention. The expression of UCP3 gene showed a significant reduction after 6 weeks of hypocaloric dietary intervention (p=0,004). There was a positive correlation between the expression of UCP2 gene and loss of weight in kilograms (r=0,645, p=0,032) and percentage (r=0,727, p=0,011) in the group of women who received low-calorie diet. However, the analysis of the correlation between the expression of genes to study the oxidation of substrates before and after dietary intervention, there were positive results of UCP3 gene, PLIN1 and PPARG2 in carbohydrate oxidation and the negative PLIN1 and PPARG2 genes in lipid oxidation. We conclude that hypocaloric dietary intervention provides weight loss, reduction of anthropometric measures and influences the expression of genes studied in women with morbid obesity. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 13/07179-6 - Analysis of gene expression in grade III obese women before and after dietary intervention
• Grantee: Cristiana Cortes de Oliveira
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master