Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Compliance with Standard Precautions Scale (CSPS) for Brazilian nurses

Author(s)

Fernanda Maria Vieira Pereira

• Document type: Doctoral Thesis
• Press: São Paulo.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Escola de Enfermagem (EE/SBD)
• Defense date: 2015-09-03

Examining board members

Elucir Gir; Silvia Rita Marin da Silva Canini; Renata Karina Reis; Silmara Elaine Malaguti Toffano

• Advisor: Elucir Gir

Abstract

Introduction: Standard precautions (SP) are a set of measures that aim to minimize the risk of occupational transmission of pathogens, being essential their use by health professionals, especially nurses. However, the non-adhesion to SP is a widely discussed problem. Although there are several Brazilian studies aimed at evaluating adhesion to SP, a great weakness in the construction and validation process of the instruments used to assess this construct was observed. Objective: To conduct the cultural adaptation and validation of the Compliance with Standard Precautions Scale (CSPS) for Brazilian nurses. Methodology: This is a methodological study to adapt and validate the CSPS. This scale consists of 20 items with four response options to evaluate adhesion to standard precautions. The adaptation process consisted of Translation, Consensus among Judges, Back-translation and Semantic Validation. The first step was the translation of the original language to Brazilian Portuguese. After that, a committee composed of seven judges analyzed the translation; the consensus version obtained in the previous step was translated back into the original language. The psychometric properties of the instrument were evaluated considering the validity of face and content, construct validity and reliability. The version for Brazilian Portuguese of CSPS (CSPS-PB) was applied to a sample of 300 nurses who work in the care of patients in a hospital located in city of São Paulo. Reliability was evaluated by internal consistency (Cronbach\'s alpha) and test retest (intraclass correlation coefficient-ICC). For construct validation, it was used comparisons among different groups, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, according to the Structural Equation Model (SEM). IBM® SPSS 19.0 was used. For the confirmatory factor analysis, it was used the specific module Analysis of Moment Structures (IBM® SPSS AMOS). For parallel analysis, it was used the RanEigen Syntax program. The significance level was ?=0.05. All ethical aspects were included. Results: The translation conducted by sworn translators assured quality to this process. Validation of face and content made possible the performance of relevant and imperative modifications in order to meet the criteria of conceptual, idiomatic, cultural and semantic equivalence. The evaluation of internal consistency obtained ?=0.61, indicating satisfactory reliability. The ICC indicated a near-perfect correlation of 0.87 for the test-retest two weeks after the first approach, giving satisfactory stability. Construct validity showed that the CSPS-PB was able to discriminate the average of adhesion to PP among different groups related to age (F=5.15 p<=0.01), to the time of clinical experience (F=8.9 p<=0.000) and to have received training (t=2.48 p<=0.01). In confirmatory factor analysis, the model was under identified. Exploratory factor analysis indicated that all items had adequate factor loadings (>=0.30), being identified four factors by parallel analysis. The total variance explained was 35.48%. Conclusion: CSPS-PB is an appropriate instrument, reliable and valid to measure adhesion to PP among Brazilian nurses (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 12/12341-4 - Cultural Adaptation and Validation of Compliance with Standard Precautions Scale (CSPS) to Brazilian nursing professionals
• Grantee: Fernanda Maria Vieira Pereira
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate