In vivo and in vitro study of different protocols for the treatment of cervical dentin hypersensitivity

Author(s)

Anely Oliveira Lopes

• Document type: Doctoral Thesis
• Press: São Paulo.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Odontologia (FO/SDO)
• Defense date: 2016-02-04

Examining board members

Ana Cecilia Corrêa Aranha; Taís Scaramucci Forlin; Walter Gomes Miranda Junior; Carlos Rocha Gomes Torres

• Advisor: Ana Cecilia Corrêa Aranha

Abstract

This study has two distinct parts: in vivo (randomized and longitudinal) that aimed to assess different protocols for the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity with low power laser (with different doses), high power laser and a desensitizing agent, for a period of 12 and 18 months; and an in vitro part that aimed to analyze the loss of structure of two toothpastes (Colgate Total 12 and Colgate Pro Relief) and analyze dentin permeability and micrographs after different abrasion cycles. In the in vivo part, the lesions from 32 patients, that were submitted to the inclusion and exclusion criterias, were divided into nine groups (n = 10): G1: Gluma Desensitizer (Heraeus Kulzer), G2: Low power laser with low dose (Photon Lase, DMC, three points of irradiation in vestibular portion and an apical point: 30 mW, 10 J/cm2, 9 sec per point with the wavelength of 810nm, with three sessions with an interval of 72 hours) G3: low power laser with high dose (one pointin the cervical area, and one apical point: 100 mW, 90 J/cm2, 11 sec per point with the wavelength of 810nm in three sessions with an interval of 72 hours), G4: Low power laser with low dose + Gluma Desensitizer, G5: Low power laser with high dose + Gluma Desensitizer, G6: Nd:YAG laser (Power LaserTM ST6, Research® in contact: 1.0W, 10 Hz and 100 mJ, ? 85 J/cm2, with the wavelength of 1064nm,), G7: Nd:YAG laser + Gluma Desensitizer, G8: Nd:YAG laser + low power laser with low dose G9: Nd:YAG laser + low power laser with high dose. The level of sensitivity of each volunteer was assessed by visual analogue scale of pain (VAS) with the aid of air from the triple syringe and exploration probe, 12 and 18 months after treatment. In the in vitro part, unerupted and recently extracted human third molars were used. All of them were clean and had their roots separated. The roots were cut into squares of dentin with dimensions 4x4x2 mm, which were included in epoxy resin and polished to a curvature of 0,3 ?m, analyzed by profilometry. Samples were immersed in 17% EDTA solution for 2 minutes and stored in a Fetal Bovine Serum diluted in phosphate buffered saline. The specimens were randomly divided into 12 groups (n=10) G1: No surface treatment without toothpaste; G2: Nd:YAG laser without toothpaste; G3: Gluma without toothpaste; G4: Nd:YAG laser + Gluma/without toothpaste; G5: No surface treatment/Total 12; G6: Nd:YAG laser/Total 12; G7: Gluma/Total 12; G8: Nd:YAG laser + Gluma/Total 12; G9: No surface treatment/Pro Relief; G10: Nd:YAG laser/Pro Relief; G11: Gluma/ Pro Relief; G12: Nd:YAG laser + Gluma/Pro Relief. Then, the surfaces received the application of adhesive tape on both sides, keeping a central area of exposed test of 4 x 1 mm, where the surface treatments were performed under the corresponding abrasion cycles 1, 7, 30 and 90 days of brushing (52 cycles, 210 sec in contact with the slurry; 361 cycles, 1470 sec in contact with the slurry; 1545 cycles, 6300 sec in contact with the slurry; 4635 cycles, 18900 sec in contact with the slurry, respectively). After each abrasion cycle, analysis was performed on Optical Profilometry, aiming to analyze the loss of tooth structure under the influence of toothpastes used. For the analysis of permeability and scanning electron microscopy, circular samples of 6 mm in diameter and 1 mm thick dentin obtained from dental crowns were used. These were randomly divided into the same groups previously described. 120 specimens were used for permeability (n=10) and 36 to SEM (n=3). Both analyzes were carried out after immersion in EDTA; after treatment; 1 day after brushing; 7 days after brushing; 30 days after brushing; 90 days after the brushing. After statistical analysis it can be concluded that in the in vivo part all treatments were effective in reducing dentinal hypersensitivity, and even the level of sensitivity of the patients had numerically increased, they were considered as not statistically different from 12 months. Therefore, until the 18 months evaluation, statistically, it can be said that there was not an increased in sensitivity levels. In the in vitro part, it can be concluded that all treatments were able to reduce dentin permeability. The toothpaste Total 12 presented as the more abrasive, because it promoted a higher structure loss when compared to Pro Alivio, but showed no increase in permeability during brushing. The scanning electron microscopy analysis showed the formation of smear layer that promoted the obliteration of the tubules. As a conclusion, it can be affirmed that all desensitizing agentes were effective, even with different strategies. Both dentifrices are igually interesting for \"at home use\" due to the oclusion of dentinal tubules. The association of treatments (at home and in office) seems to be an effective alternative for the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 12/20423-0 - In vivo and in vitro evaluations of different protocols for treating cervical dentin hypersensitivity
• Grantee: Anely Oliveira Lopes
• Support type: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate