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| Author(s): |
Marluci Palazzolli da Silva
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Master's Dissertation |
| Press: | Pirassununga. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Zootecnica e Engenharia de Alimentos (FZE/BT) |
| Defense date: | 2016-12-12 |
| Examining board members: |
Carmen Silvia Fávaro Trindade;
Anderson de Souza Sant'Ana;
Katia Sivieri
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| Advisor: | Carmen Silvia Fávaro Trindade |
| Abstract | |
The aim of this study was to evaluate the semisweet chocolate, a food matrix little explored in the market of probiotic products, however, very attractive for consumers, for the addition of Lactobacillus acidophilus (LA3) and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (BLC1) in free form or encapsulated. In the first stage of the work, solid lipid microparticles (SLM) were produced by spray chilling or covered by electrostatic interaction of polymers (LPCEI), and then characterized to verify if encapsulation methods were efficient for the protection of probiotic cells. In the second stage, semisweet chocolate samples added of probiotics in free form or encapsulated by spray chilling were prepared and characterized. Moreover, the products were evaluated sensorially by 100 panelists to verify their global acceptance.With respect to the test of microorganism survival to simulated gastrointestinal fluids, the counts of LA3 and BLC1 in free form, before being added to chocolate, have reduced respectively 2,5 and 4 log CFU/g. After the application of probiotics in semisweet chocolate, LA3 and BLC1 free have shown reductions in their populations of 0,25 and 0,30 log CFU/g, respectively, and both counts of encapsulated populations have decreased approximately 0,50 and 1,10 log CFU/g. After 120 days of storage of the chocolate at 25 ° C, the counts of LA3 and BLC1 in free form showed reductions of 1,40 and 0,70 log CFU/g, while in the populations of encapsulated microorganisms, the counts were below method detection limit. The samples of chocolate presented aw below 0,6, pH between 5,77 to 5,87, fat and phenolic, respectively, 34% and 15 mg gallic acid equivalent/g of chocolate. Concerning the texture, it has been found that all samples chocolate showed a slight increase in the hardness after storage. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) has been used to visualize the presence of fat crystals and all samples of chocolate presented fat bloom after 120 days of storage, which can also be correlated with the increase in whiteness index. Regarding the sensory evaluation, all samples have shown acceptance mark above 7,1, on a hedonic scale of 9 points. In addition, all products have had at least 75% of purchase intent. Therefore, it has been demonstrated that the semisweet chocolate is an excellent food matrix due to its composition and physical-chemical properties for incorporation of probiotics, adding to the fact that is not necessary to cool the product to maintain the bacterial population during this storage period, as well as it has not been altered sensory after the addition of probiotics microorganisms. (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 14/10754-5 - Development and characterization of semisweet probiotic chocolate containing micro-organisms in free form and encapsulated |
| Grantee: | Marluci Palazzolli da Silva Padilha |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Master |