Building the wall: recent advances in understanding lignin metabolism in grasses

Author(s)

Cesarino, Igor ; Simoes, Marcella Siqueira ; Brito, Michael dos Santos ; Fanelli, Amanda ; Silva, Tatiane da Franca ; Romanel, Elisson

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: ACTA PHYSIOLOGIAE PLANTARUM; v. 38, n. 11 NOV 2016.
• Web of Science Citations: 9

Abstract

Secondary cell walls account for the majority of total plant biomass and, as mostly composed of polysaccharides, constitute a promising source of fermentable sugars for the production of biofuels and biomaterials. However, the presence of the aromatic polymer lignin largely precludes the release of monosaccharides during enzymatic hydrolysis of cell wall polysaccharides in the biorefinery. Therefore, it is essential to unraveling the molecular mechanisms underlying lignin metabolism in order to better exploit the potential of lignocellulosic biomass. In the context of the bioeconomy, grasses emerge as a prominent lignocellulosic feedstock due to their high yield potential for biomass production. Still, many aspects of lignin metabolism in grasses, including transcriptional regulation, biosynthesis and polymerization, remain poorly understood, in contrast to eudicots species. Moreover, grasses differ considerably from eudicots in vascular patterning and cell wall composition, suggesting the presence of many grass- specific molecular and biochemical mechanisms that are not found in eudicots and whose knowledge cannot be extrapolated from data obtained with eudicot model plants. Here, we summarize the most recent advances on structural features of grass lignin and on functional characterization of genes directly involved in diverse aspects of lignin metabolism in grasses. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 14/08468-4 - Identification of target genes regulated by the SHINE transcription factor in monocot plants
• Grantee: Michael dos Santos Brito
• Support type: Program for Research on Bioenergy (BIOEN) - Young Investigators Grants
• FAPESP's process: 14/23017-9 - Identification of target genes regulated by the SHINE transcription factor in monocot plants
• Grantee: Michael dos Santos Brito
• Support type: Scholarships in Brazil - BIOEN - Young Researchers
• FAPESP's process: 15/02527-1 - Development of model systems in sorghum and a systems biology approach to unravel the molecular mechanisms controlling lignin metabolism in grasses
• Grantee: Igor Cesarino
• Support type: Program for Research on Bioenergy (BIOEN) - Young Investigators Grants
• FAPESP's process: 14/06923-6 - Sugar cane biomass recalcitrance: basic knowledge related to the cell wall construction, pretreatment and enzymatic digestion, applied for the development of innovative biorefinery models
• Grantee: Andre Luis Ferraz
• Support type: Program for Research on Bioenergy (BIOEN) - Thematic Grants
• FAPESP's process: 15/18361-5 - Establishment of an inducible suspension cell culture for tracheary element differentiation in Sorghum bicolor L.
• Grantee: Marcella Siqueira Simões
• Support type: Scholarships in Brazil - Master
• FAPESP's process: 14/17486-6 - Genomics of hemicellulose biosynthesis in sugarcane: understanding the relationship of genes and the recalcitrance of cell wall
• Grantee: Elisson Antonio da Costa Romanel
• Support type: Program for Research on Bioenergy (BIOEN) - Regular Program Grants