Novel endodontic sealers induce cell cytotoxicity and apoptosis in a dose-dependent behavior and favorable response in mice subcutaneous tissue

Author(s)

Silva, L. A. B. ^[1] ; Azevedo, L. U. ^[1] ; Consolaro, A. ^[2] ; Barnett, F. ^[3] ; Xu, Y. ^[4] ; Battaglino, R. A. ^[5] ; Canadas, P. S. ^[6] ; Holanda de Oliveira, Katharina Morant ^[1] ; Silva, R. A. B. ^[1]

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Dent Ribeirao Preto, Dept Pediat Dent, Ave Cafe S-N, BR-14040904 Ribeirao Preto, SP - Brazil

^[2] Univ Sao Paulo, Bauru Dent Sch, Dept Oral Pathol, Bauru, SP - Brazil

^[3] Albert Einstein Med Ctr, Dept Dent Med, Philadelphia, PA 19141 - USA

^[4] Forsyth Inst, Dept Skeletal Biol, Cambridge, MA - USA

^[5] Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Denver, CO - USA

^[6] Univ Barcelona, Sch Dent, Dept Endodont, Barcelona - Spain

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: CLINICAL ORAL INVESTIGATIONS; v. 21, n. 9, p. 2851-2861, DEC 2017.
• Web of Science Citations: 1

Abstract

The objective of the present study is to evaluate the in vitro cytotoxicity and in vivo biocompatibility of two novel endodontic sealers: RealSeal XT1 and Sealapex Xpress on the subcutaneous connective tissue of mice. The cytotoxicity was assessed by cell viability using the MTT assay (one-way ANOVA), trypan blue test (Mann-Whitney) and cell apoptosis by flow cytometer. For the subcutaneous study, polyethylene tubes filled with the sealers were implanted in 70 BALB/c mice: 6 experimental groups (n = 10/group) and 2 control groups with empty tubes (n = 5/group). At the end of experimental periods (7, 21, and 63 days), the tissue was removed and histotechnically processed. Angioblastic proliferation and edema (Fisher's exact test) were evaluated, besides thickness measurement (mu m) of the reactionary granulomatous tissue and neutrophil counts (Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's post test; Mann-Whitney) (alpha = 0.05). MTT assay, trypan blue, and analysis of apoptotic cells showed a dose-dependent direct effect: the more diluted the sealer, the less cytotoxic. Regarding the angioblastic proliferation and edema, difference between the sealers at 7 and 63 days occurred (p < 0.05). Both endodontic sealers initially promoted perimaterial tissue reaction as a foreign body granuloma and thus stimulated favorable tissue responses. Both sealers showed a dose-dependent effect and promoted satisfactory subcutaneous tissue response; the sealer Sealapex Xpress was less cytotoxic and more biocompatible than RealSeal XT. The step of root canal filling during endodontic treatment is highly important for the preservation of the periapical tissue integrity. Subcutaneous reaction to endodontic sealers enables scientific basis for clinical use. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 13/21180-7 - Evaluation of cell behavior and response of subcutaneous connective tissue of isogenic mice induced by endodontic sealers
• Grantee: Leopoldo Ulian Azevedo
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation