Patterns of nuclear and chloroplast genetic diversity and structure of manioc along major Brazilian Amazonian rivers

Author(s)

Alves-Pereira, Alessandro ^[1] ; Clement, Charles R. ^[2] ; Picanco-Rodrigues, Doriane ^[3] ; Veasey, Elizabeth A. ^[1] ; Dequigiovanni, Gabriel ^[1] ; Ramos, Santiago L. F. ^[1] ; Pinheiro, Jose B. ^[1] ; Zucchi, Maria I. ^[4]

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo ESALQ USP, Escola Super Agr Luiz de Queiroz, Dept Genet, Ave Padua Dias 11, BR-13418900 Piracicaba, SP - Brazil

^[2] Inst Nacl Pesquisas Amazonia INPA, Ave Andre Araujo 2936, BR-69067375 Manaus, Amazonas - Brazil

^[3] Univ Fed Amazonas ICB UFAM, Inst Ciencias Biol, Ave Rodrigo Octavio 6200, BR-69077000 Manaus, Amazonas - Brazil

^[4] Agencia Paulista Tecnol Agronegocios, Polo Ctr Sul APTA, Highway SP 127, Km 30, BR-13400970 Piracicaba, SP - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: ANNALS OF BOTANY; v. 121, n. 4, p. 625-639, MAR 2018.
• Web of Science Citations: 6

Abstract

Amazonia is a major world centre of plant domestication, but little is known about how the crops were dispersed across the region. Manioc (Manihot esculenta) was domesticated in the south-western Amazon basin, and is the most important staple food crop that originated in Amazonia. Current contrasting distributions may reflect distinct histories of dispersal of bitter and sweet manioc landraces. To produce new insights into the evolutionary history of the crop, we investigated the contemporary genetic diversity and structure of bitter and sweet manioc along major Amazonian rivers. The patterns of genetic structure and diversity of wild and cultivated sweet and bitter manioc with four chloroplast and 14 nuclear microsatellite markers were evaluated. Results were interpreted in terms of the crop's dispersal. No phylogeographic patterns among rivers were detected, and genetic structure among rivers was confounded by the bitter-sweet divergence. However, differences in the distribution of nuclear diversity and somewhat distinctive patterns of genetic structure across rivers were observed within bitter and sweet manioc. Various pre-Columbian and post-European conquest events in the history of Amazonian occupation may explain the absence of clearer patterns of genetic structure. However, the wide distribution of the most common chloroplast haplotype agrees with an early dispersal of manioc across Brazilian Amazonia. Furthermore, differences in genetic structure and in the spatial distribution of genetic diversity suggest that bitter and sweet manioc had distinct dispersal histories. Knowledge about how prehistoric and contemporary Amazonian peoples manage their crops is valuable for the maintenance and conservation of the impressive diversity of their native crops. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 12/08307-5 - Genetic structure and mating system of local varieties and wild populations of annatto (Bixa orellana L.) in Brazilian Amazonia and Central Brazil using microsatellite markers
• Grantee: Elizabeth Ann Veasey
• Support type: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 13/11137-7 - Genetic diversity, genomics and phylogeography of manioc (Manihot esculenta Crantz): implications for the dispersion of the crop along the main fluvial axes in Brazilian Amazon basin
• Grantee: Alessandro Alves Pereira
• Support type: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 13/08884-5 - Genetic structure and mating system of annatto (Bixa orellana L.) populations from the Brazilian Amazon and Central Brazil using microsatellite markers
• Grantee: Gabriel Dequigiovanni
• Support type: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 13/00003-0 - Genetic diversity, genomics and phylogeography of manioc (Manihot esculenta Crantz): implications for the dispersion and diffusion of the crop along the main fluvial axes in Brazilian Amazon Basin
• Grantee: Maria Imaculada Zucchi
• Support type: Regular Research Grants