Effects of ZnO/TiO2 nanoparticle and TiO2 nanotube additions to dense polycrystalline hydroxyapatite bioceramic from bovine bones

Author(s):Show less -

Pires, Luara Aline ^[1] ; de Azevedo Silva, Lucas Jose ^[2] ; Ferrairo, Brunna Mota ^[2] ; Erbereli, Rogerio ^[3] ; Parreira Lovo, Joao Fiore ^[3] ; Gomes, Orisson Ponce ^[4] ; Rubo, Jose Henrique ^[2] ; Lisboa-Filho, Paulo Noronha ^[4] ; Griggs, Jason Alan ^[5] ; Fortulan, Carlos Alberto ^[3] ; Sanches Borges, Ana Flavia ^[1]

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Operat Dent Endodont & Dent Mat, Bauru Sch Dent, Alameda Dr Octavio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, BR-17012901 Bauru, SP - Brazil

^[2] Univ Sao Paulo, Bauru Sch Dent, Dept Prosthodont & Periodont, Alameda Dr Octavio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, BR-17012901 Bauru, SP - Brazil

^[3] Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Carlos Sch Engn, Dept Mech Engn, Ave Trabalhador Sao Carlense 400, BR-13566590 Sao Carlos, SP - Brazil

^[4] Sao Paulo State Univ, Sch Sci, Dept Phys, Av Engn Luiz Edmundo Carrijo Coube S-N, BR-17033360 Bauru, SP - Brazil

^[5] Univ Mississippi, Sch Dent, Dept Biomed Mat Sci, Med Ctr, 2500 North State St, Room D528, Jackson, MS 39216 - USA

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Dental Materials; v. 36, n. 2, p. E38-E46, FEB 2020.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

Objectives. A bovine dense hydroxyapatite ceramic (HA) was produced as new biomaterial, however, the production of a material with consistently high flexural strength remains challenging. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of ZnO nanoparticles, TiO2 nanoparticles, and TiO2 nanotubes (1%, 2%, and 5% by weight) on the microstructure and flexural strength of a bovine dense hydroxyapatite ceramic (HA). Methods. Discs ((sic) =12.5 mm; thickness =1.3 mm) were prepared and subjected to X-ray diffraction (XRD), and observation with a field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), biaxial flexural strength (BFS) testing, and Vickers hardness (VH) testing. The BFS and VH data were subjected to ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc tests (alpha = 0.05) and Weibull analysis. Results. The XRD showed that the addition of nanomaterials caused the formation of a secondary phase when 5% of the ZnO nanoparticles was used, or when all percentages of the TiO2 nanoparticles/nanotubes were used, and the HA crystallographic planes were maintained. Differences were not observed between the higher BFS values obtained with pure HA and those obtained with the 5% addition of TiO2 nanoparticles. However, the results were different compared with the other groups (alpha = 0.05). The results obtained by Weibull analysis revealed that the 1%, 2%, and 5% addition of TiO2 nanotubes, and the 1% and 2% addition of TiO2 nanoparticles decreased the HA characteristic strength (sigma(0)), while the Weibull modulus (m) increased when 5% of TiO2 nanoparticles, 1% and 2% of ZnO nanoparticles, and 2% of TiO2 nanoparticles were added, but with no statistical difference from the pure HA. The 5% addition of ZnO2 nanoparticles decreased the sigma(0) without changing m. Moreover, the 5% addition of TiO2 nanoparticles resulted in an m closest to that of pure HA. Regarding the VH results, the blend of HA with 1% and 2% addition of TiO2 nanoparticles exhibited the higher values, which were similar between the different addition ratios (p = 0.102). Moreover, the addition of 5% TiO2 nanoparticles resulted in higher value compared with pure HA. Significance. This study demonstrated that the HA blend with 5% of TiO2 nanoparticles has the greatest potential as a bovine HA dense bioceramic reinforcement. (C) 2019 The Academy of Dental Materials. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 13/07296-2 - CDMF - Center for the Development of Functional Materials
• Grantee: Elson Longo da Silva
• Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Research, Innovation and Dissemination Centers - RIDC
• FAPESP's process: 18/23639-0 - Manufacturing of dense bovine hydroxyapatite ceramics with added TiO2 nanoparticles: innovation for sustainability
• Grantee: Ana Flávia Sanches Borges
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants