Unmetabolized folic acid is associated with TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta and IL-12 concentrations in a population exposed to mandatory food fortification with folic acid: a cross-sectional population-based study in Sao Paulo, Brazil

Author(s)

Steluti, Josiane ^{[1, 2]} ; Miranda, Andreia Machado ^[1] ; De Carli, Eduardo ^[1] ; Palchetti, Cecilia Zanin ^[1] ; Fisberg, Regina Mara ^[1] ; Lobo Marchioni, Dirce Maria ^[1]

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, BR-01246904 Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[2] Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Hlth & Soc Inst, Publ Policies & Collect Hlth Dept, BR-11015020 Santos, SP - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION; v. 60, n. 2 JUN 2020.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

Purpose The study assessed associations between inflammatory markers, as cytokines, adhesion molecules and unmetabolized folic acid (UMFA) among a population exposed to mandatory fortification. Methods Data were collected from a cross-sectional population-based survey (n = 302) conducted in Sao Paulo City, Brazil. UMFA was assayed by a modified affinity-HPLC method with electrochemical detection to measure the different forms of the folate in plasma. We used a commercial test kit to analyze cytokines and adhesion molecules. Multiple logistic regressions were applied to investigate the association between inflammatory markers and UMFA. Multiple models were adjusted for sex, age, self-reported skin color, BMI and smoking status. Results The prevalence of detectable UMFA in this population was high (81.2%), with median concentration of 1.67 nmol/L. The odds ratios (95% CIs) for having higher immunological markers levels among individuals in the highest tertile of UMFA were 0.44 (0.24; 0.81) for TNF-alpha, 0.92 (0.49; 1.75) for CRP, 1.32 (0.70; 2.48) for ICAM, 0.99 (0.54; 1.81) for VCAM, 0.45 (0.25; 0.83) for IL-1 beta, 0.74 (0.40; 1.38) for IL-6, 1.34 (0.73; 2.44) for IL-8, 0.65 (0.36; 1.18) for IL-10 and 0.49 (0.27; 0.89) for IL-12. Conclusion UMFA concentrations were inversely associated with elevated proinflammatory markers (TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta and IL-12). These results signalize a link between folate metabolism and the inflammatory status of adults in an apparently folate-replete population. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 10/19899-5 - Dietary intake and genetic variants of folate and its relation to folate, unmetabolized folic acid and homocysteine blood concentrations after mandoty folic acid fortification: population based study - ISA-Capital.
• Grantee: Josiane Steluti
• Support type: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 12/05505-0 - Standardization of methodology and analysis of unmetabolized folic acid after mandatory fortification with folic acid: population-based study in São Paulo City
• Grantee: Josiane Steluti
• Support type: Scholarships abroad - Research Internship - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 11/19788-1 - Assessment of folate status after mandatory folic acid fortification and health consequences: population-based study in the City of São Paulo
• Grantee: Dirce Maria Lobo Marchioni
• Support type: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 15/12196-2 - UNMETABOLIZED FOLIC ACID AND ITS ASSOCIATIONS WITH GLOBAL DNA METHYLATION, OXIDATIVE STRESS, INFLAMMATORY MARKERS AND METABOLIC SIGNATURE: ANALYSIS AFTER MANDATORY FORTIFICATION OF FLOUR WITH FOLIC
• Grantee: Josiane Steluti
• Support type: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctorate