Salivary Microbiological and Gingival Health Status Evaluation of Adolescents With Overweight and Obesity: A Cluster Analysis

Author(s)

Araujo, Darlle Santos ^[1] ; Klein, Marlise Inez ^[2] ; Scudine, Kelly Guedes de Oliveira ^[1] ; de Sales Leite, Luana ^[2] ; Parisotto, Thais M. ^[3] ; Ferreira, Caroline Marcantonio ^[4] ; Fonseca, Fernando Luiz Affonso ^[4] ; Perez, Matheus Moreira ^[5] ; Castelo, Paula Midori ^[4]

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Estadual Campinas UNICAMP, Dept Pediat Dent, Piracicaba - Brazil

^[2] Sao Paulo State Univ UNESP, Sch Dent, Dept Dent Mat & Prosthodont, Araraquara, SP - Brazil

^[3] Sao Francisco Univ, Lab Mol Biol Microorganisms, Braganca Paulista, SP - Brazil

^[4] Univ Fed Sao Paulo UNIFESP, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Diadema - Brazil

^[5] ABC Med Sch, Dept Pathol, Santo Andre, SP - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS; v. 8, JUL 31 2020.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

Given the high prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents, the investigation of early markers is of clinical importance to better manage this condition. Thus, the aim was to evaluate the cross-sectional relationship between salivary microbiota, gingival health status, and excess weight in adolescents. A total of 248 students (14-17 y; 119 girls) were included, free of caries lesions and periodontal pockets. Physical examination included measures of height, weight, and body fat percentage (%BF). Oral examination was performed to gather information on dental (DMFT index) and gingival health status. Unstimulated saliva was submitted to qPCR reactions to quantifyStreptococcus mutans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Bifidobacteria, andStreptococcus pneumoniaepercentages and the NFKappaB expression. Two-way ANOVA was applied consideringgroup(normal-weight/overweight/obesity) andsexfactors, in addition to cluster analysis.Groupeffect was significant for %S. mutans(partial eta(2)= 0.20;p< 0.001) and %Bifidobacteria (partial eta(2)= 0.19;p< 0.001), with overweight and obesity groups showing the highest levels compared to normal-weight ones, with no significantsexeffect. There was no difference in the frequency of gingivitis,P. gingivalis, andS. pneumoniaepercentages or NFKappaB expression between groups. Cluster analysis generated three clusters according to body fat accumulation: ``Higher %BF,{''} ``Moderate %BF,{''} and ``Lower %BF.{''} ``Higher %BF{''} cluster was characterized by higher body fat percentage and higher salivary %Bifidobacteria, while cluster ``Lower %BF{''} was characterized by lower body fat percentage and lower frequency of gingivitis ({''}Moderate %BF{''} cluster was the contrast). According to nutritional status, a difference in salivaryS. mutansand Bifidobacteria percentages was found, with overweight or obesity adolescents showing the highest percentages than normal-weight ones. Besides, a positive relationship between body fat accumulation and Bifidobacteria count was observed, indicating a possible interaction between oral bacteria communities and weight gain. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 14/24804-4 - Evaluation of salivary composition and masticatory function in overweight and obese adolescents
• Grantee: Paula Midori Castelo Ferrua
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 17/26400-6 - Impact of gastroplasty on salivary composition and cytomorphology of oral mucosa: follow-up three and six months
• Grantee: Paula Midori Castelo Ferrua
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants