Body mass index trajectories and noncommunicable diseases in women: The role of leisure time physical activity

Author(s)

Werneck, Andre O. ^{[1, 2]} ; Oyeyemi, Adewale L. ^[3] ; Szwarcwald, Celia L. ^[4] ; Sardinha, Luis B. ^[5] ; Silva, Danilo R. ^[6]

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Nutr, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[2] Univ Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho UN, Dept Phys Educ, Presidente Prudente - Brazil

^[3] Univ Maiduguri, Dept Physiotherapy, Maiduguri - Nigeria

^[4] Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz Fiocruz, ICICT, Rio De Janeiro - Brazil

^[5] Univ Lisbon, Exercise & Hlth Lab, CIPER Fac Motricidade Humana, Lisbon - Portugal

^[6] Fed Univ Sergipe UFS, Dept Phys Educ, Sao Cristovao - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN BIOLOGY; v. 33, n. 3 SEP 2020.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

Objective To analyze the association between body mass index trajectories and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in women, and the interaction effects of leisure time physical activity on this relationship. Methods Sample was composed by 15 628 women (>= 30 years old) who performed objective measurement of body mass, height, and blood pressure in the 2013 Brazilian Health Survey (2013). Information regarding the body mass at 20 years old, current type 2 diabetes (T2DM), dyslipidemia diagnosis, and leisure time physical activity were self-reported by the participants. Socio-demographic and behavioral covariates were considered. Logistic regression models were used for the statistical analysis. Results Those who were obese in both moments and women who become obese showed similar high risk, however, the prevalence of NCDs among women who were no longer obese was similar to the consistently non-obese. Leisure time physical activity attenuated the general deleterious effect of obesity, especially among the consistently obese women for dyslipidemia (inactive: OR: 2.02 {[}95%CI: 1.69-2.43] vs active: OR: 1.05 {[}95%CI: 0.55-1.99]), T2DM (inactive: OR: 3.84 {[}95%CI: 2.72-5.43] vs active: OR: 4.38 {[}95%CI: 1.49-12.86]) and high blood pressure (inactive: OR: 2.00 {[}95%CI: 1.56-2.57] vs active: OR: 1.15 {[}95%CI: 0.57-2.52]). Conclusions Changes in body mass index appear to be sensitive to detecting the risk of NCDs over lifespan. In addition, leisure time physical activity attenuates the negative effects of obesity on NCDs, but this appears more important for the consistently non-obese women. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 17/27234-2 - Longitudinal association between biological maturation, body fatness and sports participation predicting the risk of metabolic syndrome and C-reactive protein: structural equation modelling (ABCD - growth study)
• Grantee: André de Oliveira Werneck
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master