Interesterified palm oil increases intestinal permeability, promotes bacterial translocation, alters inflammatory parameters and tight-junction protein genic expression in Swiss mice

Author(s):Show less -

Reis Menta, Penelope Lacrisio ^{[1, 2]} ; Rabelo Andrade, Maria Emilia ^[3] ; de Castro, Livia Furquim ^{[1, 2]} ; Trindade, Luisa Martins ^[4] ; Silva Dias, Melissa Tainan ^[5] ; Miyamoto, Josiane Erica ^{[1, 2]} ; dos Santos, Raisa Magno ^{[1, 2]} ; Cassali, Geovanni Dantas ^[6] ; Leal, Raquel Franco ^{[2, 7]} ; Badan Ribeiro, Ana Paula ^[8] ; Grimaldi, Renato ^[8] ; Ignacio-Souza, Leticia Martins ^{[1, 2]} ; Torsoni, Marcio Alberto ^{[1, 2]} ; Torsoni, Adriana Souza ^{[1, 2]} ; Cardoso, Valbert Nascimento ^[3] ; Milanski, Marciane ^{[1, 2]}

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Estadual Campinas, Sch Appl Sci, UNICAMP, Limeira, SP - Brazil

^[2] Univ Estadual Campinas, Obes & Comorbid Res Ctr, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP - Brazil

^[3] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Fac Pharm, Dept Clin & Toxicol Anal, Belo Horizonte, MG - Brazil

^[4] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Fac Pharm, Dept Food, Belo Horizonte, MG - Brazil

^[5] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Biochem & Immunol, Belo Horizonte, MG - Brazil

^[6] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Inst Biol Sci, Dept Morphol, Belo Horizonte, MG - Brazil

^[7] Univ Estadual Campinas, Sch Med Sci, Colorectal Surg Unit, IBD Res Lab, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP - Brazil

^[8] Univ Estadual Campinas, Sch Food Engn, UNICAMP, Campinas - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Food Research International; v. 151, JAN 2022.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

High-fat diets seem to have a negative influence on the development of obesity and the processes associated with low-grade chronic systemic inflammation. In recent years, partial hydrogenated oil, rich in trans isomers, has been associated with deleterious health effects. It has been replaced by interesterified fat (IF). However, there is no evidence whether IF ingestion can exert adverse effects on the intestinal mucosa. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of IF on the intestinal mucosa of male Swiss mice fed a normal or high-fat diet, focusing on its effects on intestinal permeability and bacterial translocation and its possible damage to the intestinal epithelium. The animals were divided into 4 groups: Control (C) and Interesterified Control (IC) groups (10 En% lipids from unmodified fat or interesterified fat, respectively) and High Fat (HF) and Interesterified High Fat (IHF) groups (45 En% lipids from unmodified fat or interesterified fat, respectively). Compare to C, the IC, HF, and IHF groups presented flattened epithelium, a shorter villi length and a lower percentage of goblet cells, less mucin 2, an increased oxidative stress and more inflammatory cells, higher IL-1 beta, IL-17, and IL-23 levels. These groups also presented increased intestinal permeability and gene expression of the protein claudin 2, while JAM-A and claudin 1 gene expression was reduced. IC and IHF increased IL-6 levels while reducing occludin expression. In addition, the IC group also presented a mucosa with lesions of low intensity in the ileum, an increased mucin 5ac, TNF-alpha levels, and reduced occludin expression in the distal jejunum. Moreover, there was a significant increase in bacterial translocation in the IC group to blood, liver, and lungs, while HF and IHF groups presented bacterial translocation which was restricted to the mesenteric lymph nodes. In summary, our results supported the hypothesis that IF added to a normolipidic diet can be considered harmful or even worse when compared to a HF. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 18/17832-2 - EFFECTS OF INTERSTERIFIED FAT ON THE INTESTINAL PERMEABILITY OF HEALTHY AND OBESES ANIMALS
• Grantee: Penélope Lacrísio dos Reis Menta
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
• FAPESP's process: 19/26538-3 - Effects of intersterified fat on the intestinal permeability of healthy and obese animals
• Grantee: Marciane Milanski Ferreira
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants