LPS Response Is Impaired by Urban Fine Particulate Matter

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de Souza Xavier Costa, Natalia ; Ribeiro Junior, Gabriel ; dos Santos Alemany, Adair Aparecida ; Belotti, Luciano ; Frota Cavalcante, Marcela ; Ribeiro, Susan ; Matera Veras, Mariana ; Kallas, Esper Georges ; Saldiva, Paulo Hilario Nascimento ; Dolhnikoff, Marisa ; Ferraz da Silva, Luiz Fernando

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES; v. 23, n. 7, p. 18-pg., 2022-04-01.

Abstract

Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is a complex mixture of components with diverse chemical and physical characteristics associated with increased respiratory and cardiovascular diseases mortality. Our study aimed to investigate the effects of exposure to concentrated PM2.5 on LPS-induced lung injury onset. BALB/c male mice were exposed to either filtered air or ambient fine PM2.5 in an ambient particle concentrator for 5 weeks. Then, an acute lung injury was induced with nebulized LPS. The animals were euthanized 24 h after the nebulization to either LPS or saline. Inflammatory cells and cytokines (IL-1 beta, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, TNF) were assessed in the blood, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and lung tissue. In addition, lung morphology was assessed by stereological methods. Our results showed that the PM+LPS group showed histological evidence of injury, leukocytosis with increased neutrophils and macrophages, and a mixed inflammatory response profile, with increased KC, IL-6, IL-1 beta, IL-4, and IL-17. Our analysis shows that there is an interaction between the LPS nebulization and PM2.5 exposure, differently modulating the inflammatory response, with a distinct response pattern as compared to LPS or PM2.5 exposure alone. Further studies are required to explain the mechanism of immune modulation caused by PM2.5 exposure. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 12/23334-9 - Effects of the exposure to particulate matter on the development of acute lung injury induced by LPS.
• Grantee: Natália de Souza Xavier Costa
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master
• FAPESP's process: 08/57717-6 - National Institute for Integrated Analysis of Environmental Risk
• Grantee: Thais Mauad
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants