Electrochemical immunosensors using electrodeposited gold nanostructures for detecting the S proteins from SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2

Author(s)

Brazaca, Lais Canniatti ; Imamura, Amanda Hikari ; Gomes, Nathalia Oezau ; Almeida, Mariana Bortholazzi ; Scheidt, Desiree Tamara ; Raymundo-Pereira, Paulo A. ; Oliveira Jr, Osvaldo N. ; Janegitz, Bruno Campos ; Spinola Machado, Sergio Antonio ; Carrilho, Emanuel

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY; v. 414, n. 18, p. 11-pg., 2022-02-15.

Abstract

This paper reports the development of a low-cost (< US$ 0.03 per device) immunosensor based on gold-modified screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs). As a proof of concept, the immunosensor was tested for a fast and sensitive determination of S proteins from both SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, by a single disposable device. Gold nanoparticles were electrochemically deposited via direct reduction of gold ions on the electrode using amperometry. Capture antibodies from spike (S) protein were covalently immobilized on carboxylic groups of self-assembled monolayers (SAM) of mercaptoacetic acid (MAA) attached to the gold nanoparticles. Label-free detection of S proteins from both SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 was performed with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The immunosensor fabricated with 9 s gold deposition had a high performance in terms of selectivity, sensitivity, and low limit of detection (LOD) (3.16 pmol L-1), thus permitting the direct determination of the target proteins in spiked saliva samples. The complete analysis can be carried out within 35 min using a simple one-step assay protocol with small sample volumes (10 mu L). With such features, the immunoplatform presented here can be deployed for mass testing in point-of-care settings. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 20/09587-8 - Development of electrochemical devices based on carbon and silver nanostructures to detect endocrine disruptors in quantities of water supply
• Grantee: Nathalia Oezau Gomes
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 17/21097-3 - Bee-agriculture interactions: perspectives to sustainable use
• Grantee: Osmar Malaspina
• Support Opportunities: BIOTA-FAPESP Program - Thematic Grants
• FAPESP's process: 19/01777-5 - Manufacture of disposable electrochemical devices composed of hollow carbon nanospheres and carbon nanowires decorated with silver nanoparticles for the quantification of endocrine disruptors in supply water samples
• Grantee: Sergio Antonio Spinola Machado
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 17/05362-9 - Development of wearable biosensor based on microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (uPAD) for cortisol analysis in sweat
• Grantee: Amanda Hikari Imamura
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate (Direct)
• FAPESP's process: 18/22214-6 - Towards a convergence of technologies: from sensing and biosensing to information visualization and machine learning for data analysis in clinical diagnosis
• Grantee: Osvaldo Novais de Oliveira Junior
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants
• FAPESP's process: 16/01919-6 - Design and fabrication of nanostructured flexible devices for biomarkers detection
• Grantee: Paulo Augusto Raymundo Pereira
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
• FAPESP's process: 18/19750-3 - Exploring C4D detection for the development of innovative and low-cost microfluidic biosensors
• Grantee: Laís Canniatti Brazaca
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral