Does the use of omega-3 fatty acids as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal therapy provide additional benefits in the treatment of periodontitis? A systematic review and meta-analysis

Author(s)

Castro dos Santos, Nidia C. ; Furukawa, Monique V. ; Oliveira-Cardoso, Ingrid ; Cortelli, Jose Roberto ; Feres, Magda ; Van Dyke, Thomas ; Rovai, Emanuel S.

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: JOURNAL OF PERIODONTAL RESEARCH; v. 57, n. 3, p. 13-pg., 2022-03-03.

Abstract

This review aimed to assess the impact of dietary omega-3 fatty acids as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal treatment when compared with periodontal treatment alone on periodontal clinical parameters of periodontitis patients. We included only randomized clinical trials (RCTs) with at least 3-months follow-up of non-surgical periodontal therapy, in combination with dietary omega-3 fatty acids. The MEDLINE, EMBASE, and LILACS databases were searched for articles published up to October 2021. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted to determine the change in clinical attachment level (CAL), probing pocket depth (PPD), bleeding on probing (BOP), and gingival index (GI) after therapy. Of the eight hundred eighty-four potentially relevant papers retrieved from the electronic databases, 10 RCTs were selected for qualitative analysis, and of these, 8 RCTs were included in meta-analysis. RCTs showed a significant PPD reduction/CAL gain associated with the use of omega-3 fatty acids. The pooled estimates revealed significant overall PPD reduction of 0.42 mm (95% CI 0.15, 0.68) and CAL gain 0.58 mm (95% CI 0.24, 0.92). In individuals with periodontitis, the use of omega-3 fatty acid dietary supplementation as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal treatment can provide additional benefits in CAL gain and PPD reduction, compared with non-surgical periodontal treatment alone. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 20/05874-2 - Clinical and microbiological effects of immune modulation, with or without systemic antibiotics, in the treatment of periodontitis
• Grantee: Magda Feres Figueiredo
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 20/05875-9 - Immune modulation, associated or not with systemic antibiotics, in the treatment of periodontitis; and repercussions of different periodontal treatments on immune signaling networks
• Grantee: Nidia Cristina Castro dos Santos
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
• FAPESP's process: 19/14846-5 - Evaluation of the salivary proteomic profile in type 2 diabetic patients with periodontitis
• Grantee: Emanuel da Silva Rovai
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants