Coffee biorefinery: The main trends associated with recovering valuable compounds from solid coffee residues

Author(s)

Strieder, Monique Martins ; Pinas, Jean Agustin Velasquez ; Ampese, Larissa Castro ; Costa, Josiel Martins ; Carneiro, Tania Forster ; Rostagno, Mauricio Ariel

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION; v. 415, p. 16-pg., 2023-06-17.

Abstract

The coffee chain generates over two billion tons of solid residues annually. Husk, pulp, silverskin, defective beans, and spent coffee grounds are produced during coffee drying, husking, roasting, storage, coffee beverage preparation, and other steps. These solid materials are rich in fibers, proteins, and bioactive compounds. Therefore, this review demonstrated research trends in using solid coffee residues as a source of valuable compounds. The integral use of coffee through a biorefinery concept has shown the potential of its residues as a source of new food, pharmaceutical, materials, energy, and fertilizer products. Ultrasound, high-pressure, microwave, pulsed electric field, combining technologies, and alternative solvents (deep eutectic solvents and ionic liquids) were proposed as efficient strategies to obtain phenolic compounds, one of the highest-added-value products from solid coffee residues. However, this review verified that more standardization in reporting the studied parameters is necessary to compare the extractive methodologies. Moreover, solid coffee residues are a rich source of phenolic compounds, but researchers have reported their extraction results in total phenolic content (TPC). TPC helps to compare different extraction conditions, but chromatographic methods are much more accurate, directly identifying and quantifying each compound. Furthermore, regulatory and economic aspects regarding the use of products from coffee residues are presented. The trends indicated future studies evaluating the financial features of using emerging technologies combined with alternative solvents and more robust quantification of extracts through chromatographic techniques to obtain phenolic compounds from coffee residues. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 21/08696-0 - Biorefineries in the context of food industries and their approach to sustainability: energy, technical-economic and environmental analysis based on biogas and biomethane production (ZeWaFFI)
• Grantee: Jean Agustin Velásquez Piñas
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
• FAPESP's process: 21/03950-6 - Subcritical hydrolysis and anaerobic digestion for the production of sugars and biogas from apple pomace from juice processing
• Grantee: Josiel Martins Costa
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
• FAPESP's process: 18/14582-5 - Development of a two-dimensional extraction, separation and analysis system for evaluating the bioactivity of phytochemicals
• Grantee: Maurício Ariel Rostagno
• Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Young Investigators Grants - Phase 2
• FAPESP's process: 19/13496-0 - Multi user equipment approved in grant 2018/14582-5: ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography system (UHPLC), composed by a quaternary pump, autoinjector, oven with selection valve and detector (PDA)
• Grantee: Maurício Ariel Rostagno
• Support Opportunities: Multi-user Equipment Program
• FAPESP's process: 18/14938-4 - Waste2energy: integration of supercritical technologies and anaerobic digestion through an automated system for the production of biofuel precursors
• Grantee: Tânia Forster Carneiro
• Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Young Investigators Grants - Phase 2
• FAPESP's process: 21/12264-9 - A techno-economic evaluation of emerging technologies and green solvents coupling to the two-dimensional system of extraction, separation and analysis to obtain phenolic compounds from waste of the coffee and plant-based beverages industry
• Grantee: Monique Martins Strieder
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral