Abstract
The citrus industry is one of the most important agribusiness sectors in Brazil benefiting not only the citrus growers, exporters and consumers, but the society in general with incomes and jobs. However, despite its economic strength, the sector is facing several challenges and production costs have risen annually due mostly to the need of controlling numerous citrus diseases with agrochemicals and pesticides. We have been studying the interaction of citrus plants with the bacterial pathogens Xanthomonas citri and Xylella fastidiosa, the causal agents of "citrus canker" and "citrus variegated chlorosis", respectively. Previously, we identified several sweet orange proteins involved in the recognition of the so called transcriptional-activator like (TAL) effectors from X. citri, and X. fastidiosa proteins required for bacterial growth under low oxygen tension. In addition, we found that the plant hormones auxin and gibberellin are required for initial canker development and that TAL effectors from Xanthomonas aurantifolii pathotype C, a pathogen of the Mexican lime only, appears to function as "Avr" proteins in sweet oranges. In this proposal, we plan to elucidate the function of various X. citri and X. aurantifolii TAL effectors as pathogenicity and/or avirulence factors, and characterize the function of particular ABC transporter systems expected to play a role in pathogen adaptation. Moreover, we plan to elucidate the structure and function of sweet orange proteins implicated in canker development and resistance responses against X. aurantifolii and to generate transgenic citrus plants with increased resistance against bacterial pathogens, particularly X. citri. The proposal will also include an approach to obtain citrus plants resistant to Candidatus liberibacter, the causal agent of "Huanglongbing". (AU)
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