Effects of extracellular vesicle supplementation during bovine embryo cleavage
| Grant number: | 17/02037-0 |
| Support type: | Scholarships in Brazil - Master |
| Effective date (Start): | March 01, 2017 |
| Effective date (End): | June 26, 2019 |
| Field of knowledge: | Agronomical Sciences - Veterinary Medicine - Animal Reproduction |
| Principal Investigator: | Juliano Coelho da Silveira |
| Grantee: | Ana Clara Faquineli Cavalcante Mendes de Ávila |
| Home Institution: | Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos (FZEA). Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Pirassununga , SP, Brazil |
| Associated research grant: | 14/22887-0 - Cell-secreted vesicles containing miRNAs modulate epigenetic changes during in vitro culture of bovine gametes and embryos, AP.JP |
| Associated scholarship(s): | 18/14869-2 - The role of extracellular vesicles in the intercellular communication within the bovine cumulus-oocyte complex during in vitro maturation, BE.EP.MS |
Abstract The use of assisted reproduction techniques is an alternative to solve reproductive problems in domestic species and in humans. However, there is concern that the in vitro culture of gametes and embryos can cause epigenetics changes, which may lead to increased predisposition to cardiac and reproductive diseases as well as tumor development in adult life. Epigenetics changes are regulated by DNA methylation, by post-translational modifications of histones or by microRNAs (miRNA). The miRNAs are non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression during different processes of tissue differentiation. Recently, cell-secreted vesicles, called exosomes and microvesicles, were found in different body fluids containing bioactive material including miRNAs. These vesicles are considered a new class of cellular communication with possible implications in different physiological processes. However, its role in the acquisition of gametes' competence and in embryonic development is still largely unknown. The hypothesis that will be tested is that cell-secreted vesicles present in follicular fluid and oviduct are able to change the maturation and fertilization rates of oocytes cultured in vitro. To test this hypothesis vesicles will be isolated from follicular fluid or oviduct cell culture medium and added in oocyte and embryo culture media. The objective is to determine the effects exerted by these cell-secreted vesicles on oocyte maturation, fertilization and in vitro embryo cleavage rates. The results obtained in this project will allow the development of protocols for in vitro production of embryos similar to physiological conditions and with great impact in the assisted reproduction industry in cattle and humans. | |