Evaluation of effect of a new cystatin derived from sugar cane on the profile and viability of microcosm biofilm, as well and on dentin demineralization prevention

• Grant number: 18/24450-9
• Support type: Scholarships in Brazil - Master
• Effective date (Start): April 01, 2019
• Effective date (End): September 30, 2021
• Field of knowledge: Health Sciences - Dentistry - Social and Preventive Dentistry
• Principal researcher: Marília Afonso Rabelo Buzalaf
• Grantee: João Victor Frazão Câmara
• Home Institution: Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru (FOB). Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Bauru , SP, Brazil
• Associated scholarship(s): 20/02263-2 - Mechanisms related to dental protection against tooth erosion by treatment with a new sugar cane-derived cystatin (CaneCPI-5), BE.EP.MS

Abstract

In dentistry, various diseases such as caries and tooth erosion have been studied.Recently, a new cystatin derived from sugarcane (CaneCPI-5) was produced in a heterologous expression system and was shown to strongly bind to enamel, protecting against tooth erosion in vitro. However, the protective effect of CaneCPI-5 against dental caries, caused by acids produced by bacteria organized in a biofilm, after sugar consumption, has never been evaluated.In addition, matrix proteases are very important for the progression of dentin caries. Cystatins, including CaneCPI-5, inhibitcy stein cathepsins, which can have na additional impacto on the prevention of dentin caries. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of CaneCPI-5 on the bacterial profile and viability of a microcosm biofilm as well as on the prevention of dentin demineralization. For the formation of a microcosm biofilm, saliva will be collected from 2 healthy subjects, who have not brushed their teeth in the last 24 hours and have not ingested food or drinking liquids in the last 2 hours. Saliva will be diluted (70% saliva and 30% glycerol) and further mixed to McBain saliva (1:50) for the formation of a cariogenic biofilm. Bovine enamel and dentin samples (4 mm x 4 mm; n=90) will be prepared for the formation of a microcosm biofilm for 5 days, which will be treated daily (1x60s/day), with 3concentrations of CaneCPI-5 (0.1, 0.5or 1.0 mg/ml), 0.12% chlorhexidine (positive control) or PBS (negative control). In Step 1,the profile of the microscosm biofilm will be evaluated (colony forming units). In Step 2, live and dead bacteria in the biofilm will be evidenced by fluorescence using confocal microscope. In Step 3, the demineralization caused by the biofilm in the studied conditions will be measured by transverse microradiography. The data will be subjected to appropriate statistical analysis (parametric or non-parametric test, p <0.05). (AU)