Profile Evaluation of antioxidant and immune response of pigs fed different sources of fatty acids

• Grant number: 20/13542-0
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• Start date: February 01, 2021
• End date: February 28, 2021
• Field of knowledge: Agronomical Sciences - Animal Husbandry - Animal Nutrition and Feeding
• Principal Investigator: Aline Silva Mello Cesar
• Grantee: Julia Pereira Martins da Silva
• Host Institution: Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz (ESALQ). Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Piracicaba , SP, Brazil
• Associated research grant: 17/25180-2 - Effect of dietary oleic acid on fatty acid composition and inflammatory response profile in different tissues of pigs, AP.JP

Abstract

Lipids are a class of molecules present in all types of cells. They contribute to cell structure, energy storage and various biological functions, from transcriptional regulation to physiological processes. Studies have shown that AO, as well as other fatty acids, can have important specific immune functions. The inflammatory response is a component of the immune response, being essential for the defense and homeostasis of the organism, during an immune response cytokines are produced in different cells and modulate the cellular response, participating in acute and chronic inflammation, acting as necessary mediators to lead to an inflammatory response in places where infections and injuries are present. With the inflammatory process, the body is accompanied by oxidative stress, inducing the formation of reactive oxygen species (EROS) and nitrogen (ERN) causing oxidative damage that contribute to the development of NCDs and deleterious mutations in DNA. There is a dynamic relationship between disease, nutrition and immunity and it is known that macro and micronutrients have an immunomodulatory action (immunonutrients). Our hypothesis is that the use of different sources of fatty acids in pig feed has the ability to alter the profile of the immune response analyzed from the blood serum of animals by measuring cytokines and free radicals. Samples from 72 pigs, immunocastrated males, with an initial average live weight of 27 kg (71 days old) and a final one of 132.70 kg (169 days old) will be used. The treatments consist of basal feed as a control (CON), basal with addition of 3% degummed soybean oil (SOJ), basal with addition of 3% canola oil (CAN) and basal with addition of 3% fish (PEI). The experimental period was 98 days, during which the animals received feed and water at will. Thus, our objective is to evaluate whether the inclusion of different sources of oil in the pig diet has the ability to alter the immunological profile of the blood serum of these animals.