Evaluation of the systemic and oral conditions of women during pregnancy and the baby\'s birth weight: a prospective cohort

Author(s)

Bruno Gualtieri Jesuino

• Document type: Master's Dissertation
• Press: Bauru.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru (FOB/SDB)
• Defense date: 2023-09-15

Examining board members

Sílvia Helena de Carvalho Sales Peres; Maria Aparecida de Andrade Moreira Machado; Juliane Avansini Marsicano

• Advisor: Sílvia Helena de Carvalho Sales Peres

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the systemic, periodontal conditions and quality of life of women since the 27ª week of pregnancy and after their babies birth, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Two groups were divided according to the outcome: mothers of babies with normal weight (G1=60) and mothers of babies with below normal weight at birth (G2=16). The following variables were evaluated: schooling, household monthly income, anthropometric parameters, systemic health, periodontal condition, oral hygiene habits, Oral Health-related Quality of Life (OHIP- 14), baby data at birth and diagnosis of COVID-19 during pregnancy. Statistical tests were performed to compare the groups within the same period, in addition to assess their evolution and seek which variables were associated with below normal weight at birth (p<0.05). Mothers from G1 showed a greater weight gain during pregnancy, there was a reduction in arterial hypertension in both groups and a reduction in Diabetes Mellitus in G1. Regarding periodontal variables, there was an increase in the percentage of dental plaque, probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level between periods for both groups, in addition, cases of periodontitis increased between periods in patients from G1. When the variables related to quality of life are evaluated within the same period, it is noticed that G2 presented greater impact on functional dimension limitation during pregnancy. When the evolution of these dimensions over time was evaluated, it is noticed that for G1 there was an increase in the impact of the psychological discomfort dimension. For G2, there was an increase in the impact of the physical disability dimension. When the baby\'s data at birth were evaluated, the mothers of G1 had taller babies, with higher BMI and with more weeks of pregnancy. Weight gain during pregnancy was statistically significant (p=0.02) in the logistic regression model, being that, by increasing the weight during pregnancy by one unit, the chance of having a baby with birth weight below normal is reduced in 11.3% [CI=2.4%;20.4%]. It is concluded that G1 showed excessive weight gain during pregnancy. There was improvement in systemic health and worsening of oral health, in both groups. Quality of life showed differences between the groups in dimensions, in G1 there was psychological discomfort and in G2 functional limitation during pregnancy and physical disability. Mothers in G1 had taller babies, with higher BMI and more weeks of gestation, and weight gain during pregnancy was a protective factor to reduce the chance of having a baby with a birth weight below normal. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 21/06053-5 - Evaluation of the systemic and oral conditions of women during pregnancy and the baby's birth weight: a prospective cohort
• Grantee: Bruno Gualtieri Jesuino
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master