Antiinflamatory and antioxidant evaluation in rats supplemented with frape (Vitis vinifera L.) in the presence of colitis induced by trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid

Author(s)

Anderson Luiz Ferreira

• Document type: Doctoral Thesis
• Press: Campinas, SP.
• Institution: Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Instituto de Biologia
• Defense date: 2009-12-17

Examining board members

Alba Regina Monteiro Souza Brito; Clélia Akiko Hiruma Lima; Claudio Saddy Rodrigues Coy; Edson Antunes; Alessandra Gambero

• Advisor: Alba Regina Monteiro Souza Brito

Abstract

Despite the range of therapeutic possibilities, there is still no ideal treatment for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), with the right profile of efficacy and safety. For this reason, it is of great interest to study agents with little side effect, which preferably form part of the diet and that treats / prevents such diseases. In this context, emerged the interest in studying Grape, fruit with high content of flavonoids and dietary fiber, two compounds that improve the healthy. It is known that antioxidants and short chain fatty acids (SCFA), especially butyric acid, obtained from the fermentation of dietary fiber, may be involved in the prevention and treatment of intestinal diseases. The butyric acid is a substrate for the repair of inflamed tissue and inhibits pro-inflammatory factors; for that reason, to quantify the production of this acid is mandatory, given that the higher the production, the greater the efficiency of the diet for tissue recovery. Therefore, an in vitro analysis showed that the concentration of 0.5 g of Grape was the one that produced the greatest amount of butyrate in the analysis by ion chromatography. After choosing the concentration of the fruit, the next step was an in vivo study where was used the dose 0,5 g.kg-1. At first, was checked the antioxidant action through the analysis of the levels of GSH and the activity of antioxidants enzimas like GSSG-Rd, GSH-Px and SOD in rats with colitis induced by trinitrobenzenosulfonic acid (TNBS). Animals treated with Grape showed high levels of GSH, the activities of GSSG-Rd, GSH-Px remained close to the group without colitis. The activity of SOD, which was also drastically reduced in the TNBS group, was restored in the treated group. The treatment with Grape was able to exert intestinal anti-inflammatory effect, since the treated animals showed lower scores of the lesion and reduced some proinflammatory mediators such as MPO activity, COX-2, NF-_B and the intestinal adhesion molecule MadCAM-1 expression. The decrease in colonic damage can be explained, partially, by the action of the Grape that decreased the production of pro-inflammatory interleukins (IL-6 and IL-12) that act as chemotactic factors of inflammation. On the other hand, the treatment of Grape increased the production of anti-inflammatory cytokine, such as IL-10, and this increase was higher than normal values showed by the saline group. It can be concluded that the Grape showed ability to modulate the antioxidant enzymes and increased the production of IL-10. Probably, the increased of the levels of this interleukin resulted in a decrease in the production of proinflammatory cytokines and, consequently, in a decrease the expression of inflammatory mediators. (AU)