Positive effect of combined exercise training in a model of metabolic syndrome and menopause: autonomic, inflammatory, and oxidative stress evaluations

Author(s)

Conti, Filipe Fernandes ^[1] ; Brito, Janaina de Oliveira ^[1] ; Bernardes, Nathalia ^{[2, 1]} ; Dias, Danielle da Silva ^[1] ; Malfitano, Christiane ^[1] ; Morris, Mariana ^[3] ; Francisca Llesuy, Susana ^[4] ; Irigoyen, Maria-Claudia ^[2] ; De Angelis, Katia ^[1]

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Nove de Julho UNINOVE, Lab Translat Physiol, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[2] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Med, Heart Inst InCor, Hypertens Unit, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[3] Nova SE Univ, Inst Neuroimmune Med, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 - USA

^[4] Univ Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, DF - Argentina

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY; v. 309, n. 12, p. R1532-R1539, DEC 15 2015.
• Web of Science Citations: 20

Abstract

It is now well established that after menopause cardiometabolic disorders become more common. Recently, resistance exercise has been recommended as a complement to aerobic (combined training, CT) for the treatment of cardiometabolic diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of CT in hypertensive ovariectomized rats undergoing fructose overload in blood pressure variability (BPV), inflammation, and oxidative stress parameters. Female rats were divided into the following groups (n = 8/group): sedentary normotensive Wistar rats (C), and sedentary (FHO) or trained (FHOT) ovariectomized spontaneously hypertensive rats undergoing and fructose overload. CT was performed on a treadmill and ladder adapted to rats in alternate days (8 wk; 40-60% maximal capacity). Arterial pressure (AP) was directly measured. Oxidative stress and inflammation were measured on cardiac and renal tissues. The association of risk factors (hypertension + ovariectomy + fructose) promoted increase in insulin resistance, mean AP (FHO: 174 +/- 4 vs. C: 108 +/- 1 mmHg), heart rate (FHO: 403 +/- 12 vs. C: 352 +/- 11 beats/min), BPV, cardiac inflammation (tumor necrosis factor-alpha-FHO: 65.8 +/- 9.9 vs. C: 23.3 +/- 4.3 pg/mg protein), and oxidative stress cardiac and renal tissues. However, CT was able to reduce mean AP (FHOT: 158 +/- 4 mmHg), heart rate (FHOT: 303 +/- 5 beats/min), insulin resistance, and sympathetic modulation. Moreover, the trained rats presented increased nitric oxide bioavailability, reduced tumor necrosis factor-alpha (FHOT: 33.1 +/- 4.9 pg/mg protein), increased IL-10 in cardiac tissue and reduced lipoperoxidation, and increased antioxidant defenses in cardiac and renal tissues. In conclusion, the association of risk factors promoted an additional impairment in metabolic, cardiovascular, autonomic, inflammatory, and oxidative stress parameters and combined exercise training was able to attenuate these dysfunctions. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 12/20141-5 - Effects of aerobic,resistance or combined exercise training in experimental models of cardiometabolic disorders associated with ovarian hormone deprivation
• Grantee: Kátia de Angelis Lobo D Avila
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 11/15828-9 - Effects of combined exercise training in an experimental model of cardiometabolic disorders associated with ovarian hormone deprivation.
• Grantee: Filipe Fernandes Conti
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master