Rice bran oil extraction using alcoholic solvents: Physicochemical characterization of oil and protein fraction functionality

Author(s)

Capellini, Maria C. ; Giacomini, Vanessa ; Cuevas, Maite S. ; Rodrigues, Christianne E. C.

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS; v. 104, p. 133-143, OCT 1 2017.
• Web of Science Citations: 18

Abstract

Rice bran, an underutilized rice processing by-product, is a promising source for food and biodiesel oil production and can also be used to produce protein for use in human food products. The main objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of replacing hexane, which is traditionally used to extract vegetable oils, with safer solvents, i.e., ethanol and isopropanol, in rice bran oil (RBO) extraction. Thus, the effects of the solvent type on the physicochemical characteristics of the oil and defatted bran products were studied. The results showed that the presence of water in the alcoholic solvents negatively affected the oil extraction; however, using absolute solvents in single-stage batch extractions at 80 degrees C resulted in oil yields of up to approximately 80%. The solvent water content and process temperature strongly impacted the properties of the protein fraction; the nitrogen solubility index (NSI) decreased from approximately 40% for the absolute solvents to 17 and 15% for the aqueous ethanol and isopropanol, respectively, when the extraction was performed at 80 degrees C. More of the minor nutraceutical compounds were transferred from the oleaginous matrix to the oil by aqueous ethanol than by hexane, yielding RBO with 1.53% gamma-oryzanol and 769 mg/kg tocotrienols. On the other hand, absolute isopropanol exhibited a higher tocopherol extraction capacity; RBO with a tocopherol content of 98.1 mg/kg was obtained with this solvent. Based on these results, short-chain alcohols are promising alternatives to the conventional extraction solvent, because they enable high-quality protein fractions and oils to be obtained and add value to the rice production chain. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 14/09446-4 - Development of a process of vegetable oil extraction using alcoholic solvents: evaluation of oil composition and changes in the protein fraction
• Grantee: Christianne Elisabete da Costa Rodrigues
• Support type: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 14/21252-0 - Equilibrium and production processes of biofuels and bioproducts
• Grantee: Antonio José de Almeida Meirelles
• Support type: Research Projects - Thematic Grants
• FAPESP's process: 10/13285-5 - Rice Bran Oil Extraction using Alcoholic Solvents: Evaluation of Changes in Protein Fraction and Oil Composition.
• Grantee: Maria Carolina Capellini
• Support type: Scholarships in Brazil - Master
• FAPESP's process: 13/13339-6 - Technical feasibility of using alcoholic solvents in vegetable oil extraction: Physical-chemical characterization of oil, functional properties of protein fraction and solvent recovery
• Grantee: Maria Carolina Capellini
• Support type: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate