Exercise training initiated at old stage of lifespan attenuates aging-and ovariectomy-induced cardiac and renal oxidative stress: Role of baroreflex

Author(s)

Dias, Danielle da Silva ^{[1, 2]} ; Moraes-Silva, Ivana C. ^[3] ; Bernardes, Nathalia ^[2] ; Brito-Monzani, Janaina de Oliveira ^{[4, 2]} ; Stoyell-Conti, Filipe Fernandes ^{[2, 5]} ; Machi, Jacqueline Freire ^{[3, 6]} ; Llesuy, Susana ^[7] ; Irigoyen, Maria-Claudia ^[3] ; De Angelis, Katia ^{[1, 2]}

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Physiol, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[2] Univ Nove Julho UNINOVE, Lab Translat Physiol, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[3] Univ Sao Paulo, Heart Inst InCor, Hypertens Unit, Med Sch, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[4] Univ Fed Maranhao, Sao Luis - Brazil

^[5] Nova Southeastern Univ, Coll Pharm, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 - USA

^[6] Univ Miami, Dept Mol & Cellular Pharmacol, Coral Gables, FL 33124 - USA

^[7] Univ Buenos Aires, Dept Gen & Inorgan Chem, Buenos Aires, DF - Argentina

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Experimental Gerontology; v. 124, SEP 2019.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

Background: The association of aging and menopause is a potent risk factor for cardiometabolic disease. We studied the impact of aerobic exercise training (ET) initiated in the old stage of lifespan in hemodynamics, metabolic, autonomic and oxidative stress. Methods: Aged (18 months old) female Wistar rats were divided into: ovariectomized and untrained (AG-OVX), and ovariectomized and trained (AG-OVXt, ET for 8 weeks). Intact aged (AG) and young female rats (3 months old; Y) were also studied. Blood pressure and metabolic parameters were measured. Baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) was studied by bradycardic (BR) and tachycardic (TR) responses to vasoactive drugs. Cardiac and renal lipid peroxidation (LPO), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and gluthatione peroxidase (GPx), and gluthatione redox balance (GSH/GSSG) were analyzed. Results: AG-OVXt group increased aerobic performance in 35%, decreased adipose tissue and triglycerides in 36% and 27%, respectively, and improved insulin tolerance in 50% in comparison to AG-OVX. AG-OVX presented hypertensive levels of blood pressure (systolic: 155 +/- 5, diastolic: 111 +/- 3 mmHg). In contrast, AG-OVXt presented blood pressure values similar to Y rats (systolic: 129 +/- 3, diastolic: 112 +/- 3 mmHg). TR and BR were reduced by 70% and 46%, respectively, in AG-OVX vs. Y. Once more, AG-OVXt presented similar results to Y. ET decreased LPO in the heart and kidney. In the latter, renal CAT and SOD were corrected by ET, while cardiac redox balance was partially recovered. Improved BRS was correlated with improved oxidative stress markers. Conclusions: Even when initiated after aging and ovariectomy deleterious effects, ET is able to normalize BRS and highly improve cardiac and renal oxidative stress. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 18/17183-4 - Fructose overload in genitors: impact of exercise training on cardiometabolic and neuroimmune changes in offspring
• Grantee: Kátia de Angelis Lobo D Avila
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 18/19006-2 - ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SERUM AND FUNCTIONAL BIOMARKERS, AND IMAGE EXAMS IN DIASTOLIC AND COGNITIVE DYSFUNCTIONS
• Grantee: Maria Claudia Costa Irigoyen
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 15/11223-6 - Time course of neuroimmune changes induced by chronic fructose consumption in normotensive and hypertensive rats: role of aerobic exercise training
• Grantee: Kátia de Angelis Lobo D Avila
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants