Social determinants, lifestyle and diet quality: a population-based study from the 2015 Health Survey of Sao Paulo, Brazil

Author(s)

de Mello, Aline Veroneze ^[1] ; Pereira, Jaqueline Lopes ^[1] ; Leme, Ana Carolina Barco ^[1] ; Goldbaum, Moises ^[2] ; Galvao Cesar, Chester Luiz ^[3] ; Fisberg, Regina Mara ^[1]

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Ave Dr Arnaldo 715, BR-01246904 Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[2] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[3] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: PUBLIC HEALTH NUTRITION; v. 23, n. 10, p. 1766-1777, JUL 2020.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the association among social determinants, lifestyle variables and diet quality in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Design: Cross-sectional study, 2015 Health Survey of Sao Paulo (Inquerito de Saude de Sao Paulo (2015 ISA-Capital)) with Focus on Nutrition Study (2015 ISA-Nutrition). Setting: Population-based study, with a representative sample of adults living in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Participants: Adults (aged 20-59 years, n 643) and older adults (aged >= 60 years, n 545). Results: We observed differences in the Brazilian Healthy Eating Index-Revised (BHEI-R) by education, income, occupation, sex and race. Whole grains (0 center dot 63 points, 12 center dot 6 % of the maximum score), sodium (2 center dot 50 points, 25 center dot 0 %) and solid fat, alcohol and added sugars (9 center dot 28 points, 46 center dot 4 %) components had the lowest BHEI-R scores. Factors positively associated with diet quality included the presence of one disease or more (e.g. diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cancer, hypercholesterolaemia: beta = 0 center dot 636, P < 0 center dot 001), income (middle income: beta = 0 center dot 478, P < 0 center dot 001; high income: beta = 0 center dot 966, P < 0 center dot 001) and occupation (other: beta = 1 center dot 418, P < 0 center dot 001). Energy (beta = -0 center dot 001, P < 0 center dot 001), alcohol consumption (beta = -0 center dot 207, P = 0 center dot 027), education level (middle education: beta = -0 center dot 975, P < 0 center dot 001; high education: beta = -1 center dot 376, P < 0 center dot 001), races other than white (beta = -0 center dot 366, P < 0 center dot 001) and being unemployed (beta = -0 center dot 369, P < 0 center dot 046) were negatively associated with diet quality. Conclusions: Groups affected by socio-economic inequalities need better diet quality. Governmental actions should be implemented to reduce the consumption of energy-dense and sodium-rich foods, facilitate access and information on healthy eating, and conduct nutritional education. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 12/22113-9 - Biochemical indicators of micronutrient status and usual intakes of residents from the City of São Paulo - ISA-Capital Survey 2013
• Grantee: Regina Mara Fisberg
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 17/05125-7 - Lifestyle, biochemical and genetic markers as cardiometabolic risk factors: Health Survey in São Paulo City
• Grantee: Regina Mara Fisberg
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants