Genipap (Genipa americana L.) fruit extract as a source of antioxidant and antiproliferative iridoids

Author(s)

Neri-Numa, Iramaia Angelica ^[1] ; Pessoa, Marina Gabriel ^{[1, 2]} ; Arruda, Henrique Silvano ^{[1, 2]} ; Pereira, Gustavo Araujo ^{[1, 2, 3]} ; Paulino, Bruno Nicolau ^[4] ; Figueiredo Angolini, Celio Fernando ^[5] ; Tasca Gois Ruiz, Ana Lucia ^[6] ; Pastore, Glaucia Maria ^{[1, 2]}

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Estadual Campinas, Sch Food Engn, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[2] Tasca Gois Ruiz, Ana Lucia, Univ Estadual Campinas, Sch Pharmaceut Sci, Sao Paulo, Brazil.Neri-Numa, Iramaia Angelica, Univ Estadual Campinas, Sch Food Engn, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[3] Fed Univ Para, Sch Food Engn, Belem, Para - Brazil

^[4] Univ Fed Amazonas, Sch Pharmaceut Sci, Manaus, Amazonas - Brazil

^[5] Fed Univ ABC, Ctr Nat & Human Sci, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[6] Univ Estadual Campinas, Sch Pharmaceut Sci, Sao Paulo - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Food Research International; v. 134, AUG 2020.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

Iridoid blue-based pigments can be found in fruits of genipap (Genipa americana L.). Besides being a potential source of natural blue colorant in the food industry, they have also been associated with pharmacological effects. Therefore, the recovery of iridoids by ultrasound-assisted extraction from both unripe and ripe fruits was analysed by UPLC-DAD-ESI-(-)-QTOF-MS/MS. Nine iridoids were identified from their exact masses and fragmentation pattern, namely geniposidic acid, gardenoside, genipin-1-beta-gentiobioside, geniposide, 6 `'-O-p-coumaroyl-1-beta-gentiobioside geniposidic acid, 6 `'-O-p-coumaroylgenipin-gentiobioside, genipin, 6 `-O-p-coumaroyl-geniposidic acid and 6 `-O-feruloyl-geniposidic acid. Among them, genipin (60.77 mg/g fdw) was found to be the most abundant iridoid in unripe genipap extract, while the ripe genipap extract mainly contained geniposide and geniposidic acid (89.48 and 25.04 mg/g fdw, respectively). It was also observed that the iridoids of the unripe genipap extract are able to scavenger DPPH, ABTS and peroxyl radicals as well as exerting a cytostatic effect against both glioma and breast cancer cell lines. This study provided information about the properties of unripe and ripe genipap extracts which can be used as a reference for further studies focusing on the potential application of G. americana L. in commercial products containing natural blue colorant with functional claims. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 15/50333-1 - COBRA: a novel compound discovery pipeline for rapid and cost-effective identification of bioactives with health beneficial effects in Brazilian crops
• Grantee: Glaucia Maria Pastore
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants