Rhipicephalus sanguineus salivary gland extract as a source of immunomodulatory molecules

Author(s)

Pereira, Melissa Carolina ^[1] ; Nodari, Elen Fernanda ^[1] ; de Abreu, Marina Rodrigues ^[1] ; Paiatto, Lisiery Negrini ^[2] ; Simioni, Patricia Ucelli ^[2] ; Camargo-Mathias, Maria Izabel ^[1]

Affiliation

^[1] Sao Paulo State Univ UNESP, Dept Biol, Inst Biosci, BR-13506900 Rio Claro, SP - Brazil

^[2] Univ Campinas UNICAMP, Dept Genet Evolut & Bioagents, Inst Biol, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Experimental and Applied Acarology; v. 83, n. 3 FEB 2021.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato (s.l.), popularly known as `brown dog tick', is the primary vector of pathogens affecting dogs worldwide. To enter the host's organism, these pathogens utilise the anticoagulant, antiplatelet, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory actions of compounds present in the tick's saliva; such compounds are released by the ectoparasite in order to attach and feed on dogs. Nitric oxide (NO) is one of the regulatory factors in inflammation, apoptosis and immunomodulation. Here, we evaluated the in vitro activity of salivary gland extract of female dog ticks on the macrophage-derived J774 cell line, with and without lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. Cultures were evaluated for possible morphological alterations caused by exposure to the extract. There was no apparent in vitro cytotoxicity of the extract. Also, the NO secretory response in the non-LPS-stimulated cells was not inhibited. On the other hand, the extract presented modulatory action in the cultures of LPS-stimulated cells at a concentration of 0.1 mu g/mL, possibly through macrophage activation, and induced a significant decrease in NO secretion. These results confirm the modulatory potential of bioactive molecules in the salivary glands of R. sanguineus ticks. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 19/02831-3 - Responses to Rhipicephalus sanguineus lato sensu (Acari:Ixodidae) and Mus musculus mice to the exposure to Egletes viscosa (Asteraceae) and Lippia schaueriana (Verbenaceae) oils, potential natural acaricides
• Grantee: Melissa Carolina Pereira
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master
• FAPESP's process: 18/02999-9 - In vitro and in vivo action of ozone on embryonic lineage cells (RML RSE and RML-15) and R. sanguineus s. l. semi engorged females
• Grantee: Marina Rodrigues de Abreu
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 15/20745-6 - Tumor cell line J774 (macrophage) exposure to extract from the salivary glands of Rhipicephalus sanguineus L.S. (Acari: Ixodidae) female ticks: morphophysiological assessment
• Grantee: Melissa Carolina Pereira
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• FAPESP's process: 14/02843-8 - Hematophagy in female Rhipicephalus sanguineus L. S. (Acari: Ixodidae) and its relations: biochemical (bioactive gifts in extracts) and morphophysiological (salivary gland and gut)
• Grantee: Elen Fernanda Nodari
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate (Direct)