Effects of Magnetite Nanoparticles and Static Magnetic Field on Neural Differentiation of Pluripotent Stem Cells

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Semeano, Ana T. ; Tofoli, Fabiano A. ; Correa-Velloso, Juliana C. ; de Jesus Santos, Ana P. ; Oliveira-Giacomelli, Agatha ; Cardoso, Rafaela R. ; Pessoa, Mateus A. ; da Rocha, Edroaldo Lummertz ; Ribeiro, Gustavo ; Ferrari, Merari F. R. ; Pereira, Lygia, V ; Teng, Yang D. ; Petri, Denise F. S. ; Ulrich, Henning

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: STEM CELL REVIEWS AND REPORTS; v. 18, n. 4, p. 18-pg., 2022-03-24.

Abstract

Neurodevelopmental processes of pluripotent cells, such as proliferation and differentiation, are influenced by external natural forces. Despite the presence of biogenic magnetite nanoparticles in the central nervous system and constant exposure to the Earth's magnetic fields and other sources, there is scant knowledge regarding the role of electromagnetic stimuli in neurogenesis. Moreover, emerging applications of electrical and magnetic stimulation to treat neurological disorders emphasize the relevance of understanding the impact and mechanisms behind these stimuli. Here, the effects of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) in polymeric coatings and the static external magnetic field (EMF) were investigated on neural induction of murine embryonic stem cells (mESCs) and human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). The results show that the presence of 0.5% MNPs in collagen-based coatings facilitates the migration and neuronal maturation of mESCs and hiPSCs in vitro. Furthermore, the application of 0.4 Tesla EMF perpendicularly to the cell culture plane, discernibly stimulates proliferation and guide fate decisions of the pluripotent stem cells, depending on the origin of stem cells and their developmental stage. Mechanistic analysis reveals that modulation of ionic homeostasis and the expression of proteins involved in cytostructural, liposomal and cell cycle checkpoint functions provide a principal underpinning for the impact of electromagnetic stimuli on neural lineage specification and proliferation. These findings not only explore the potential of the magnetic stimuli as neural differentiation and function modulator but also highlight the risks that immoderate magnetic stimulation may affect more susceptible neurons, such as dopaminergic neurons. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 18/07366-4 - Purine and kinin receptors as targets of study and therapeutic interventions in neurological diseases
• Grantee: Alexander Henning Ulrich
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants
• FAPESP's process: 19/26852-0 - Study of purinergic receptors antagonism in the inflammatory process and microglial cells activation using in vitro and in vivo models of Parkinsons Disease
• Grantee: Ágatha Oliveira Giacomelli
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
• FAPESP's process: 16/14513-8 - Analysis of autophagy flux during protein aggregation containing alpha-synuclein and hyperphosphorylated tau in cultured cells from hipoccampus, substantia nigra and locus coeruleus
• Grantee: Rafaela Regina Cardoso
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• FAPESP's process: 13/08028-1 - CEGH-CEL - Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center
• Grantee: Mayana Zatz
• Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Research, Innovation and Dissemination Centers - RIDC
• FAPESP's process: 18/07592-4 - The role of quality control mechanisms in the loss of proteostasis in age-dependent neurodegenerative diseases
• Grantee: Merari de Fátima Ramires Ferrari
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 13/08135-2 - CTC - Center for Cell-Based Therapy
• Grantee: Dimas Tadeu Covas
• Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Research, Innovation and Dissemination Centers - RIDC