In vitro study of colon microbiota modulation using pectin oligomers encapsulated in pectic matrix

• Grant number: 24/22823-3
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate
• Start date: July 01, 2025
• End date: November 30, 2026
• Field of knowledge: Agronomical Sciences - Food Science and Technology - Food Science
• Principal Investigator: Joao Paulo Fabi
• Grantee: Pedro Brivaldo Viana da Silva
• Host Institution: Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas (FCF). Universidade de São Paulo (USP). São Paulo , SP, Brazil
• Associated research grant: 13/07914-8 - FoRC - Food Research Center, AP.CEPID

Abstract

Dysregulation of the gut microbiota is associated with the development of neurological, metabolic, and inflammatory diseases and is influenced by dietary habits, such as low intake of soluble fibers. Pectins, a type of water-soluble fiber found in fruits, promote the growth of beneficial gut bacteria by being degraded by colonic microbiota. Their modulatory effects depend on structural characteristics, such as the degree of esterification, the composition of side chains, and molecular weight. Reducing molecular weight facilitates fermentation in the proximal colon but limits benefits in distal regions, where proteolytic metabolism predominates. This research project aims to develop a nanoengineering process for pectins, enabling the delivery and fermentation of pectin oligomers with potentially beneficial characteristics in the distal colon. To achieve this, the oligomers will be coated with high-molecular-weight pectins to delay colonic microbiota activity in the proximal colon. Nanoparticles will be produced through an ionic gelation process, leveraging the gel-forming property of pectins in the presence of calcium ions. The modulatory effect of the nanoparticles on microbiota will be evaluated using an in vitro colonic fermentation model. By the project's conclusion, a high-value-added ingredient derived from residual materials is expected to be developed and characterized by significant functional activity and broad applicability.