Abstract
The obesity has been considered, nowadays, one of the most frequent pathologies, and its etiology and treatment is related to lifestyle and eating habits. Prebiotics and bioactive compounds present in waste of tropical fruits have the potential to promote the modulation of intestinal microbiota providing many benefits to the health of the host, including the reduction of obesity risk. The consumption of probiotics in synbiotic association have demonstrated the beneficial effect on bowel health, assisting the homeostasis of the microbiota. The aim of this work is to select the best combination of residues of certain tropical fruits with some probiotic strains, which provide positive effect on the metabolism and in the population of the intestinal microbiota of obese individuals compared to the eutrophic one, using two in vitro models: boatload system (pre-selection) and multistage continuous system (Simulator of Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (SHIME)). This project will be carried out in three steps. Step 1: analysis of the viability of three probiotic strains (L. paracasei 431, Bifidobacterium longum BB46, L. acidophilus LA5) will be performed in combination with two waste of fruits (camu-camu and acerola) and commercial pectin using in vitro system (boatload). The combinations with the best viability will have their action, in the intestinal microbiota of normal individuals, tested in SHIME. Step 2: The synbiotic combination with the best result at the end of step 1, will have its action, in the intestinal microbiota of obese individuals, tested in SHIME. In this step, in addition to the same analysis performed in the first stage of the study in SHIME (ammonia, short-chain fatty acids and dependent microbiology cultivation) it will also be performed, in both obese and eutrophic microbiota (control), analysis of the intestinal microbial diversity using not dependent on cultivation methods: PCR and massive sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene using the Illumina platform HiSeq® in each experimental period. Step 3: It will be assessed the integrity of the intestinal membrane in contact with the selected combination together the obese and eutrophic microbiota using Caco-2 model barrier function and transepithelial electrical resistance.
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