Mechanism of Action of TiF4 on Dental Enamel Surface: SEM/EDX, KOH-Soluble F, and X-Ray Diffraction Analysis

Author(s)

Comar, Livia P. ^{[1, 2]} ; Souza, Beatriz M. ^[1] ; Al-Ahj, Luana P. ^[1] ; Martins, Jessica ^[1] ; Grizzo, Larissa T. ^[1] ; Piasentim, Isabelle S. ^[1] ; Rios, Daniela ^[3] ; Rabelo Buzalaf, Marilia Afonso ^[1] ; Magalhaes, Ana Carolina ^[1]

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Bauru Sch Dent, Dept Biol Sci, Al Octavio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, BR-17012901 Bauru, SP - Brazil

^[2] Univ Marilia UNIMAR, Dept Dent, Marilia - Brazil

^[3] Univ Sao Paulo, Bauru Sch Dent, Dept Orthodont Pediat Dent & Publ Hlth, Bauru - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Caries Research; v. 51, n. 6, p. 554-567, 2017.
• Web of Science Citations: 5

Abstract

This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the action of TiF4 on sound and carious bovine and human enamel. Sound (S) and pre-demineralised (DE) bovine and human (primary and permanent) enamel samples were treated with TiF4 (pH 1.0) or NaF varnishes (pH 5.0), containing 0.95, 1.95, or 2.45% F for 12 h. The enamel surfaces were analysed using SEM-EDX (scanning electron microscopy/ energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy) (n = 10, 5 S and 5 DE) and KOH-soluble fluoride was quantified (n = 20, 10 S and 10 DE). Hydroxyapatite powder produced by precipitation method was treated with the corresponding fluoride solutions for 1 min (n = 2). The formed compounds were detected using X-ray diffraction (XRD). All TiF4 varnishes produced a coating layer rich in Ti and F on all types of enamel surface, with micro-cracks in its extension. TiF4 (1.95 and 2.45% F) provided higher fluoride deposition than NaF, especially for bovine enamel (p < 0.0001). It also induced a higher fluoride deposition on DE samples compared to S samples (p < 0.0001), except for primary enamel. The Ti content was higher for bovine and human primary enamel than human permanent enamel, with some differences between S and DE. The XRD analysis showed that TiF4 induced the formation of new compounds such as CaF2, TiO2, and Ti(HPO4)(2) center dot H2O. In conclusion, TiF4 (>0.95%F) interacts better, when compared to NaF, with bovine and human primary enamel than with human permanent enamel. TiF4 provoked higher F deposition compared to NaF. Carious enamel showed higher F uptake than sound enamel by TiF4 application, while Ti uptake was dependent on the enamel condition and origin. (c) 2017 S. Karger AG, Basel (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 10/07001-4 - Evaluation of the effect of an experimental paste with calcium phosphate nanoparticles on enamel demineralization in vitro
• Grantee: Beatriz Martines de Souza
• Support type: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• FAPESP's process: 11/11263-7 - Evaluation of TiF4 interaction with hydroxyapatite and enamel and the effect on the de-remineralization of artificial caries enamel lesion in situ
• Grantee: Livia Picchi Comar
• Support type: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 12/00662-0 - Evaluation of the titanium tetrafluoride (TiF4) interaction with sound and demineralized human enamel in vitro
• Grantee: Jéssica Martins
• Support type: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• FAPESP's process: 13/20372-0 - Effect of titanium tetrafluoride varnish on fibroblasts (NIH3T3): viability assay, morphological analysis and cell signals for apoptotic pathways
• Grantee: Ana Carolina Magalhães
• Support type: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 12/20698-0 - Effect of TiF4 on hydroxiapatite and enamel subjected to cariogenic and erosive processes: in vitro and in situ studies
• Grantee: Ana Carolina Magalhães
• Support type: Regular Research Grants