Mild Exercise Differently Affects Proteostasis and Oxidative Stress on Motor Areas During Neurodegeneration: A Comparative Study of Three Treadmill Running Protocols

Author(s)

Melo, Karla P. ^[1] ; Silva, Carolliny M. ^[1] ; Almeida, Michael F. ^[1] ; Chaves, Rodrigo S. ^[1] ; Marcourakis, Tania ^[2] ; Cardoso, Sandra M. ^{[3, 4]} ; Demasi, Marilene ^[5] ; Netto, Luis E. S. ^[1] ; Ferrari, Merari F. R. ^[1]

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Biociencias, Dept Genet & Biol Evolut, Rua Matao 277, Cidade Univ, BR-05508090 Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[2] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Pharmaceut Sci, Dept Clin & Toxicol Anal, Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[3] Univ Coimbra, Ctr Neurosci & Cell Biol, Coimbra - Portugal

^[4] Univ Coimbra, Fac Med, Coimbra - Portugal

^[5] Inst Butantan, Lab Bioquim & Biofis, Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: NEUROTOXICITY RESEARCH; v. 35, n. 2, p. 410-420, FEB 2019.
• Web of Science Citations: 1

Abstract

Proteostasis and oxidative stress were evaluated in motor cortex and spinal cord of aged Lewis rats exposed to 1mg/kg/day of rotenone during 4 or 8weeks, prior or after practicing three protocols of mild treadmill running. Results demonstrated that exercise done after the beginning of neurodegeneration reverted the increased oxidative stress (measured by H2O2 levels and SOD activity), increased neuron strength, and improved proteostasis in motor cortex. Spinal cord was not affected. Treadmill running practiced before neurodegeneration protected cortical motor neurons of the rotenone-exposed rats; but in this case, oxidative stress was not altered, whereas proteasome activity was increased and autophagy decreased. Spinal cord was not protected when exercise was practiced before neurodegeneration. Prolonged treadmill running (10weeks) increased oxidative stress, autophagy, and proteasome activity, whereas neuron viability was decreased in motor cortex. In spinal cord, this protocol decreased oxidative stress and increased proteasome activity. Major conclusions were that treadmill running practiced before or after the beginning of neurodegeneration may protect motor cortex neurons, whereas prolonged mild running seems to be beneficial for spinal cord. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 13/08028-1 - CEGH-CEL - Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center
• Grantee: Mayana Zatz
• Support type: Research Grants - Research, Innovation and Dissemination Centers - RIDC
• FAPESP's process: 11/15281-0 - Effects of moderate physical exercise upon intracellular trafficking of neurotrophins and their receptors in the central nervous system of aged rats
• Grantee: Michael Fernandes de Almeida
• Support type: Scholarships in Brazil - Master
• FAPESP's process: 11/06434-7 - Degradation of hyperphosphorylated tau and organelles trafficking during neurodegenerative processes linked to protein aggregation in hypoccampal cell cultures
• Grantee: Merari de Fátima Ramires Ferrari
• Support type: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 11/15283-2 - Autophagocytosis and oxidative stress in the central nervous system of aged rats submitted to moderate physical exercise
• Grantee: Carolliny Moura da Silva
• Support type: Scholarships in Brazil - Master
• FAPESP's process: 17/14273-0 - Analysis of mitophagy in a cellular model of protein aggregation associated with neurodegeneration
• Grantee: Karla Pacheco de Melo
• Support type: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• FAPESP's process: 15/18961-2 - Study of autophagy as the driving mechanism of neurodegenerative diseases
• Grantee: Merari de Fátima Ramires Ferrari
• Support type: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 11/00478-2 - Influence of calcium and MIRO proteins on mitochondrial mobility before and during protein aggregation involved in neurodegeneration
• Grantee: Rodrigo dos Santos Chaves
• Support type: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate (Direct)