Pressurized natural deep eutectic solvents: An alternative approach to agro-soy by-products

Author(s)

Sanchez Bragagnolo, Felipe ; Socas-Rodriguez, Barbara ; Mendiola, Jose A. ; Cifuentes, Alejandro ; Soleo Funari, Cristiano ; Ibanez, Elena

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION; v. 9, p. 14-pg., 2022-09-08.

Abstract

Soybeans are mainly used for food and biodiesel production. It is estimated that soy crops worldwide wilt leave about 651 million metric tons of branches, leaves, pods, and roots on the ground post-harvesting in 2022/23. These by-products might serve as largely available and cheap source of high added-value metabolites, such as ftavonoids, isoflavonoids, and other phenolic compounds. This work aimed to explore green approaches based on the use of pressurized and gas expanded-liquid extraction combined with natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) to achieve phenolic-rich extracts from soy by-products. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the generated extracts were quantified and compared with conventional solvents and techniques. Pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) with choline chloride/citric acid/water (1:1:11 - molar ratio) at 120 degrees C, 100 bar, and 20 min, resulted in an optimized condition to generate phenolic and flavonoid-rich fractions of soy by-products. The individual parts of soy were extracted under these conditions, with their metabolic profile obtained by UHPLC-ESI-QToF-MS/MS and potential antioxidant properties by ROS scavenging capacity. Extracts of soy roots presented the highest antioxidant capacity (207.48 +/- 40.23 mg AA/g), three times higher than soybean extracts (68.96 +/- 12.30). Furthermore, Hansen solubility parameters (HSPs) were applied to select natural hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents (NaHDES) as substituents for n-heptane to defat soybeans. Extractions applying NaHDES candidates achieved a similar yield and chromatography profile (GC-QToF-MS) to n-heptane extracts. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 14/50926-0 - INCT 2014: biodiversity and natural products
• Grantee: Vanderlan da Silva Bolzani
• Support Opportunities: BIOTA-FAPESP Program - Thematic Grants
• FAPESP's process: 20/09500-0 - Green extractions of soy waste (Glycine max (L.) Merr.)
• Grantee: Felipe Sanchez Bragagnolo
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships abroad - Research Internship - Doctorate (Direct)
• FAPESP's process: 18/21128-9 - Development of green methodologies in the chemical investigation of agroindustrial wastes of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) and its derivatives
• Grantee: Felipe Sanchez Bragagnolo
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate (Direct)
• FAPESP's process: 17/06216-6 - Development of green analytical methodologies in the search for high-added value organic compounds in agricultural waste
• Grantee: Cristiano Soleo de Funari
• Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Young Investigators Grants
• FAPESP's process: 18/01786-1 - Multi-user equipment approved in grant 2017/06216-6: ultra high performance liquid chromatograph
• Grantee: Cristiano Soleo de Funari
• Support Opportunities: Multi-user Equipment Program