Effects of obesity on periodontal tissues subjected to biomechanical forces

• Grant number: 17/07137-2
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• Duration: November 01, 2017 - June 30, 2020
• Field of knowledge: Health Sciences - Dentistry - Periodontology
• Convênio/Acordo: DFG
• Principal Investigator: Joni Augusto Cirelli
• Grantee: Joni Augusto Cirelli
• Principal researcher abroad: James Deschner
• Institution abroad: Universität Bonn, Germany
• Host Institution: Faculdade de Odontologia (FOAr). Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP). Campus de Araraquara. Araraquara , SP, Brazil
• Associated researchers: Andreas Jager ; Cristiane Ribeiro Salmon ; Francisco Humberto Nociti Junior ; Marjan Nokhbehsaim

Abstract

Over the past decades obesity has been increasing worldwide and represents a major risk factor for many chronic diseases. Meta-analyses have demonstrated that obesity is also associated with periodontitis, a bacteria-induced inflammatory disease of the tooth-supporting tissues. Obesity is characterized by excess adipose tissue, which secrets bioactive molecules called adipokines. Although the effects of obesity on periodontitis and its therapy are a hot topic of current dental research, it has been largely neglected if obesity also affects the response of periodontal tissues to biomechanical loading, such as orthodontic tooth movement or occlusal forces. Although orthodontic tooth movement and mastication ideally occur in periodontal health, bacterial infection of the biomechanically loaded tissues can occur due to insufficient plaque control. Therefore, the main objective of the proposed in-vivo and in-vitro projects is to study the effects of obesity and adipokines on the actions of biomechanical forces on periodontal cells and tissues in the presence and absence of bacterial infection. Specifically, in an in-vivo study, orthodontic tooth movement in the presence and absence of ligature-induced periodontitis will be performed in Holtzman rats fed either with high-fat or standard diet. Afterwards, periodontal tissue remodeling will be analyzed morphologically by microcomputed tomography and histomorphometry, and protein synthesis of molecules related to inflammation, tissue metabolism and intracellular signaling will be investigated by proteomic analysis. Additionally, in an in-vitro study, periodontal cells will be subjected to biomechanical strain and/or the periodontopathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis in the presence and absence of adipokines. Subsequently, molecules related to inflammation, tissue metabolism, and intracellular signaling will be analyzed, thereby expanding the in-vivo findings with a special focus on adipokines as a possible local obesity-associated pathomechanism. Together, the in-vivo and in-vitro projects will provide novel and critical information on the effects of obesity and adipokines on periodontium subjected to biomechanical forces. By clarifying the role of obesity on periodontal tissues subjected to biomechanical loading and unraveling pathophysiological events, molecules and signaling pathways involved, the proposed pre-clinical project will serve as a basis for a clinical follow-up study, which may open up new orthodontic treatment protocols in overweight and obese individuals. (AU)

Scientific publications

(8)

(References retrieved automatically from Web of Science and SciELO through information on FAPESP grants and their corresponding numbers as mentioned in the publications by the authors)

RATH-DESCHNER, BIRGIT; MEMMERT, SVENJA; DAMANAKI, ANNA; DE MOLON, RAFAEL S.; NOKHBEHSAIM, MARJAN; EICK, SIGRUN; KIRSCHNECK, CHRISTIAN; CIRELLI, JONI A.; DESCHNER, JAMES; JAEGER, ANDREAS; et al. CXCL5, CXCL8, and CXCL10 regulation by bacteria and mechanical forces in periodontium. ANNALS OF ANATOMY-ANATOMISCHER ANZEIGER, v. 234, MAR 2021. (17/07137-2)

RATH-DESCHNER, BIRGIT; MEMMERT, SVENJA; DAMANAKI, ANNA; NOKHBEHSAIM, MARJAN; EICK, SIGRUN; CIRELLI, JONI A.; GOETZ, WERNER; DESCHNER, JAMES; JAEGER, ANDREAS; NOGUEIRA, ANDRESSA V. B.. CXCL1, CCL2, and CCL5 modulation by microbial and biomechanical signals in periodontal cells and tissues-in vitro and in vivo studies. CLINICAL ORAL INVESTIGATIONS, MAR 2020. (14/20715-7, 17/07137-2)

NOGUEIRA, ANDRESSA V. B.; NOKHBEHSAIM, MARJAN; TEKIN, SEMA; DE MOLON, RAFAEL S.; SPOLIDORIO, LUIS C.; MEMMERT, SVENJA; DAMANAKI, ANNA; JAEGER, ANDREAS; EICK, SIGRUN; DESCHNER, JAMES; et al. Resistin Is Increased in Periodontal Cells and Tissues: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. Mediators of Inflammation, v. 2020, JAN 20 2020. (10/07771-4, 14/20715-7, 17/07137-2, 11/13752-5)

MARCANTONIO, CAMILA CHIERICI; NOGUEIRA, ANDRESSA VILAS BOAS; LEGUIZAM, NATALIA DA PONTE; DE MOLON, RAFAEL SCAF; LOPES, MARIA EDUARDA SCORDAMAIA; SILVA, RENATA CRISTINA LIMA; CERRI, PAULO SERGIO; DESCHNER, JAMES; CIRELLI, JONI AUGUSTO. Effects of obesity on periodontal tissue remodeling during orthodontic movement. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ORTHODONTICS AND DENTOFACIAL ORTHOPEDICS, v. 159, n. 4, p. 11-pg., 2021-03-29. (16/00732-0, 14/20715-7, 17/01358-7, 17/07137-2)

RATH-DESCHNER, BIRGIT; NOGUEIRA, ANDRESSA VILAS BOAS; MEMMERT, SVENJA; NOKHBEHSAIM, MARJAN; AUGUSTO CIRELLI, JONI; EICK, SIGRUN; MIOSGE, NICOLAI; KIRSCHNECK, CHRISTIAN; KESTING, MARCO; DESCHNER, JAMES; et al. Regulation of Anti-Apoptotic SOD2 and BIRC3 in Periodontal Cells and Tissues. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES, v. 22, n. 2, JAN 2021. (17/07137-2)

RATH-DESCHNER, BIRGIT; NOGUEIRA, ANDRESSA V. B.; BEISEL-MEMMERT, SVENJA; NOKHBEHSAIM, MARJAN; EICK, SIGRUN; CIRELLI, JONI A.; DESCHNER, JAMES; JAEGER, ANDREAS; DAMANAKI, ANNA. Interaction of periodontitis and orthodontic tooth movement-an in vitro and in vivo study. CLINICAL ORAL INVESTIGATIONS, v. 26, n. 1, p. 171-181, JAN 2022. (14/20715-7, 17/07137-2)

NOGUEIRA, ANDRESSA V. B.; MARCANTONIO, CAMILA C.; DE MOLON, RAFAEL S.; LEGUIZAMON, NATALIA D. P.; SILVA, RENATA C. L.; DESCHNER, JAMES; CERRI, PAULO S.; CIRELLI, JONI A.. Experimental models of orthodontic tooth movement and their effects on periodontal tissues remodelling. ARCHIVES OF ORAL BIOLOGY, v. 130, OCT 2021. (17/07137-2)

MARCANTONIO, CAMILA CHIERICI; LOPES, MARIA EDUARDA SCORDAMAIA; MOFATTO, LUCIANA SOUTO; SALMON, CRISTIANE RIBEIRO; DESCHNER, JAMES; NOCITI-JUNIOR, FRANCISCO HUMBERTO; CIRELLI, JONI AUGUSTO; NOGUEIRA, ANDRESSA VILAS BOAS. Obesity affects the proteome profile of periodontal ligament submitted to mechanical forces induced by orthodontic tooth movement in rats. JOURNAL OF PROTEOMICS, v. 263, p. 10-pg., 2022-07-15. (16/00732-0, 14/20715-7, 17/07137-2, 18/25811-5)