Dental discoloration caused by Grey-MTAFlow cement: analysis of its physicochemical, biological and antimicrobial properties

Author(s)

Lauter Eston PELEPENKO ^[1] ; Flávia SAAVEDRA ^[2] ; Gabriela Fernanda BOMBARDA ^[3] ; Brenda Paula Figueiredo de Almeida GOMES ^[4] ; Adriana DE-JESUS-SOARES ^[5] ; Alexandre Augusto ZAIA ^[6] ; Marco Antonio Hungaro DUARTE ^[7] ; Mario TANOMARU-FILHO ^[8] ; Marina Angélica MARCIANO ^[9]

Affiliation

^[1] Universidade de Campinas. Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba - Brasil

^[2] Universidade de Campinas. Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba - Brasil

^[3] Universidade de Campinas. Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba - Brasil

^[4] Universidade de Campinas. Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba - Brasil

^[5] Universidade de Campinas. Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba - Brasil

^[6] Universidade de Campinas. Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba - Brasil

^[7] Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru - Brasil

^[8] Universidade Estadual Paulista. Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara - Brasil

^[9] Universidade de Campinas. Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba - Brasil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Journal of Applied Oral Science; v. 28, 2020-08-05.

Abstract

Abstract Tricalcium silicate-based cement are materials used in reparative and regenerative procedures in endodontics. A recently proposed formulation aimed to enhance handling during clinical use with a versatile material applicable by syringe. Although, the use of bismuth oxide as radiopacifier and grey raw powder are drawbacks considering aesthetics. Objectives Evaluate physicochemical, biological, and antimicrobial properties of Grey-MTAFlow (Ultradent) and assess whether the addition of zinc oxide (ZnO) prevents dentinal discoloration caused by bismuth oxide. Methodology Grey-MTAFlow was manipulated in 'thin' consistency for all tests. Luminosity, color change, ion migration to dentine, radiopacity, setting time, ISO 6876:2012 linear flow, volumetric lateral flow and central filling of simulated grooves scanned using micro-computed tomography (μCT), pH, calcium release, volumetric change using μCT, chemical characterisation, cytotoxicity, and antimicrobial activity were assessed. Addition of 5% ZnO to Grey-MTAFlow and a bismuth-containing experimental composition were comparatively tested. Statistical analyses used Shapiro-Wilk, T-test, ANOVA, and Kolmogorov-Smirnov (p<0.05). Results The addition of ZnO to Grey-MTAFlow prevented dentine darkening after 90 days due to bismuth migration reduction, although no statistical difference was found (p=0.863). ZnO addition significantly enhanced Grey-MTAFlow radiopacity without differences in initial setting time. Grey-MTAFlow presented an ISO linear flow of 10.9 mm and a balanced volumetric lateral flow with central filling in μCT evaluation. All compositions presented an alkaline pH after immersion. Grey-MTAFlow had a significantly higher calcium ion release after 28 days in comparison to 24 hours (p=0.011) and volumetric expansion of 0.4±1.8% after immersion. ZnO addition altered the hydrated cement matrix once calcium hydroxide (portlandite) could not be detected in characterisation. Neither of the materials produced inhibition halos nor reduced bacterial turbidity, but all presented cytocompatibility above 100%. Conclusion Grey-MTAFlow expanded after immersion and exhibited higher luminosity values after the evaluation period when ZnO was added, but chemical modifications after this addition occurred. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 17/05096-7 - Evaluation of physical, chemical and antibacterial of a novel high-plasticity repair cement
• Grantee: Marina Angélica Marciano da Silva
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 18/06515-6 - Chemical and structural characterization of high-plasticity reparative cements
• Grantee: Gabriela Fernanda Bombarda
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• FAPESP's process: 18/06903-6 - Evaluation of antimicrobial properties of high-plasticity reparative cements
• Grantee: Daniel Marioti Secchieri
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation